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List of movements/Political Parties/Malaysia: Difference between revisions

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===Parliamentary===
===Parliamentary===


==== Government ====
====Government====
 
*[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] [[Reformism#Left-Reformism|Pakatan Harapan (Alliance of Hope)]]
**[[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] [[Social Democracy|民主行动党 (Democratic Action Party)]]
**[[File:PKR.png]] [[Progressivism|Parti Keadilan Rakyat (People's Justice Party)]]
**[[File:Amanah.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Parti Amanah Negara (National Trust Party)]]
**[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Pertubuhan Kinabalu Progresif Bersatu (United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation)]]
**[[File:Muda.png]] [[Multiculturalism|Ikatan Demokratik Malaysia (Malaysian United Democratic Alliance)]]<ref>The Party was led by Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman,  who is considered to be a potential successor of [[File:Mahathir.png]] Mahathir Mohamad but chooses to split from PPBM after the Sheraton Move. Upon admission of Datin Dian Lee, daughter of tycoon Tan Sri Lee Kim Yew (one of [[File:Mahathir.png]] Mahathir's close friends) into the party, journalists link the party with the said tycoon and [[File:Mahathir.png]] Mahathir, however, the party members officially deny these connections.</ref>
 
*[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] [[National Conservatism|Barisan Nasional (National Front)]]
*[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] [[National Conservatism|Barisan Nasional (National Front)]]
**[[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu (United Malays National Organisation)]]<ref>Known as the "Grand Old Party" of Malaysia, as most Malaysian political parties (PAS, PKR, PPBM) had origins from UMNO. However due to internal conflicts within the party, the original UMNO has been banned in 1988 by court order. The current UMNO was then registered as UMNO 'baru' at the same year.</ref>
**[[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Melayu Bersatu (United Malays National Organisation)]]<ref>Known as the "Grand Old Party" of Malaysia, as most Malaysian political parties (PAS, PKR, PPBM) had origins from UMNO. However due to internal conflicts within the party, the original UMNO has been banned in 1988 by court order. The current UMNO was then registered as UMNO 'baru' at the same year.</ref>
**[[File:MCA.png]] [[Conservatism|马来西亚华人公会 (Malaysian Chinese Association)]]
**[[File:MCA.png]] [[Conservatism|马来西亚华人公会 (Malaysian Chinese Association)]]
***[[File:3princ.png]] [[Tridemism|马来西亚华人公会 (Malaysian Chinese Association)]] (Historical)
***[[File:3princ.png]] [[Tridemism|马来西亚华人公会 (Malaysian Chinese Association)]] (Historical)
Line 10: Line 18:
***[[File:Ghandi.png]] [[Gandhian Socialism|மலேசிய இந்திய காங்கிரஸ் (Malaysian Indian Congress)]] (Historical)
***[[File:Ghandi.png]] [[Gandhian Socialism|மலேசிய இந்திய காங்கிரஸ் (Malaysian Indian Congress)]] (Historical)
**[[File:Natcon.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (United Sabah People's Party)]]
**[[File:Natcon.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah (United Sabah People's Party)]]
 
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Warisan Sabah (Sabah Heritage Party)]]
*[[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|Perikatan Nasional (National Alliance)]]
**[[File:PPBM.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia (Malaysian United Indigenous Party)]]
**[[File:PAS.png]] [[Religious Nationalism|Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (Malaysian Islamic Party)]] [[File:PAS-alt.png]]
**[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Solidariti Tanah Airku Rakyat Sabah (Homeland Solidarity Party)]]
**[[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|Perikatan Nasional Plus (PN+)]]
***[[File:Native.png]] [[Indigenism|Parti Bersatu Sabah (United Sabah Party)]]


*[[File:GabunganPartiSarawak.png]] [[Federalism|Gabungan Parti Sarawak (Sarawak Parties Alliance)]]
*[[File:GabunganPartiSarawak.png]] [[Federalism|Gabungan Parti Sarawak (Sarawak Parties Alliance)]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (United Bumiputera Heritage Party)]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (United Bumiputera Heritage Party)]]
**[[File:Nation.png]] [[Nationalism|Parti Rakyat Sarawak (Sarawak Peoples' Party)]]
**[[File:Nation.png]] [[Nationalism|Parti Rakyat Sarawak (Sarawak Peoples' Party)]]
**[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Demokratik Progresif (Progressive Democratic Party)]]
**[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Demokratik Progresif (Progressive Democratic Party)]]
**[[File:Multicult.png]] [[Multiculturalism|砂拉越人民联合党 (Sarawak United Peoples' Party)]]
**[[File:Multicult.png]] [[Multiculturalism|砂拉越人民联合党 (Sarawak United Peoples' Party)]]
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (Sabah People's Coalition)]]
**[[File:PPBM.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|PPBM Sabah (Malaysian United Indigenous Party Sabah)]]
**[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Solidariti Tanah Airku Rakyat Sabah (Homeland Solidarity Party)]]
**[[File:Native.png]] [[Indigenism|Parti Bersatu Sabah (United Sabah Party)]]
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Kesejahteraan Demokratik Masyarakat (Social Democratic Harmony Party)]]
*[[File:Radcent.png]] [[Radical Centrism|Parti Bangsa Malaysia (Malaysian Nation Party)]]
*[[File:Radcent.png]] [[Radical Centrism|Parti Bangsa Malaysia (Malaysian Nation Party)]]
**[[File:Liberalsoc.png]] [[Liberal Socialism|Parti Pekerja Sarawak (Sarawak Workers Party)]] (Former)


==== Opposition ====
====Opposition====
*[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] [[Reformism#Left-Reformism|Pakatan Harapan (Alliance of Hope)]]
*[[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|Perikatan Nasional (National Alliance)]]
**[[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] [[Social Democracy|民主行动党 (Democratic Action Party)]]
**[[File:PPBM.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia (Malaysian United Indigenous Party)]]
**[[File:PKR.png]] [[Progressivism|Parti Keadilan Rakyat (People's Justice Party)]]
**[[File:PAS.png]] [[Religious Nationalism|Parti Islam Se-Malaysia (Malaysian Islamic Party)]] [[File:PAS-alt.png]]
**[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Parti Amanah Negara (National Trust Party)]]
**[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Pertubuhan Kinabalu Progresif Bersatu (United Progressive Kinabalu Organisation)]]
*[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Pejuang Tanah Air (Homeland Fighters' Party)]]
*[[File:Muda.png]] [[Multiculturalism|Ikatan Demokratik Malaysia (Malaysian United Democratic Alliance)]]<ref>The Party was led by Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman,  who is considered to be a potential successor of [[File:Mahathir.png]] Mahathir Mohamad but chooses to split from PPBM after the Sheraton Move. Upon admission of Datin Dian Lee, daughter of tycoon Tan Sri Lee Kim Yew (one of [[File:Mahathir.png]] Mahathir's close friends) into the party, journalists link the party with the said tycoon and [[File:Mahathir.png]] Mahathir, however, the party members officially deny these connections.</ref>
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Warisan Sabah (Sabah Heritage Party)]]
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Sarawak Bersatu (United Sarawak Party)]]


===Extraparliamentary===
===Extraparliamentary===
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**[[File:Relsoc.png]] [[Religious Socialism|மலேசிய இந்திய ஐக்கிய கட்சி (Malaysian Indian United Party)]]
**[[File:Relsoc.png]] [[Religious Socialism|மலேசிய இந்திய ஐக்கிய கட்சி (Malaysian Indian United Party)]]
**[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|Parti Kuasa Rakyat (People's Power Party)]]*
**[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|Parti Kuasa Rakyat (People's Power Party)]]*
***[[File:Synclib.png]] [[Syncretic Liberalism|Parti Tindakan Hak Minoriti (Minority Rights Action Party)]] (Will be merged to KUASA)
***[[File:Synclib.png]] [[Big Tent Liberalism|Parti Tindakan Hak Minoriti (Minority Rights Action Party)]] (Will be merged to KUASA)
**[[File:Prog-u.png]] [[Progressivism|ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਪਾਰਟੀ ਮਲੇਸ਼ੀਆ (Malaysian Punjabi Party)]]
**[[File:Prog-u.png]] [[Progressivism|ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਪਾਰਟੀ ਮਲੇਸ਼ੀਆ (Malaysian Punjabi Party)]]
*[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] [[Reformism#Left-Reformism|Pakatan Harapan Plus (PH+)]]
**[[File:Humanismpix.png]] [[Humanism|மலேசிய முன்னேற்றக் கட்சி (Malaysian Advancement Party)]]
**[[File:Humanismpix.png]] [[Humanism|மலேசிய முன்னேற்றக் கட்சி (Malaysian Advancement Party)]]
**[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Parti Ikatan Bangsa Malaysia (Malaysia National Alliance Party)]]
*[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|GASAK]]
*[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy|GASAK]]
**[[File:Native.png]] [[Indigenism|Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak Baru (New Sarawak Native People's Party)]]
**[[File:Native.png]] [[Indigenism|Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak Baru (New Sarawak Native People's Party)]]
Line 57: Line 57:
*[[File:Sep.png]] [[Separatism|Parti Bumi Kenyalang (Land of the Hornbills Party)]]
*[[File:Sep.png]] [[Separatism|Parti Bumi Kenyalang (Land of the Hornbills Party)]]
*[[File:Envi.png]] [[Environmentalism|Parti Hijau Malaysia (Green Party of Malaysia)]]
*[[File:Envi.png]] [[Environmentalism|Parti Hijau Malaysia (Green Party of Malaysia)]]
*[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Parti Ikatan Bangsa Malaysia (Malaysia National Alliance Party)]]
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Cinta Sabah (Love Sabah Party)]]
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Cinta Sabah (Love Sabah Party)]]
*[[File:Natcon.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Sabah Bersatu (Baru) (United Sabah National Organisation (New))]]
*[[File:Natcon.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Pertubuhan Kebangsaan Sabah Bersatu (Baru) (United Sabah National Organisation (New))]]
*[[File:Scientocracy Small.png]] [[Scientocracy|Parti Aspirasi Sains Malaysia (Malaysian Science Aspiration Party)]]*
*[[File:Scientocracy Small.png]] [[Scientocracy|Parti Aspirasi Sains Malaysia (Malaysian Science Aspiration Party)]]*


=== Previously Represented in Dewan Rakyat ===
===Previously Represented in Dewan Rakyat===
''De jure'' they still exist, but ''de facto'' they're irrelevant and everyone has already forgot (or at least a few of them remembered) about them.
''De jure'' they still exist, but ''de facto'' they're irrelevant and everyone has already forgot (or at least a few of them remembered) about them.


Line 73: Line 72:
* [[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (Malaysian People's Movement Party)]] (Currently a member party of [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|Perikatan Nasional]])
* [[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia (Malaysian People's Movement Party)]] (Currently a member party of [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|Perikatan Nasional]])
* [[File:Libconserv3.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|Parti Liberal Demokratik (Liberal Democratic Party)]] (Currently an allied party of [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|PN+]])
* [[File:Libconserv3.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|Parti Liberal Demokratik (Liberal Democratic Party)]] (Currently an allied party of [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism|PN+]])
* [[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Parti Sarawak Bersatu (United Sarawak Party)]]
* [[File:Mahathir.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Pejuang Tanah Air (Homeland Fighters' Party)]]


===Historical===
===Historical===
Line 85: Line 86:
*[[File:PartiPerikatan.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Perikatan]] [[Classical Liberalism|(Alliance Party)]] (1955-1972)
*[[File:PartiPerikatan.png]] [[National Conservatism|Parti Perikatan]] [[Classical Liberalism|(Alliance Party)]] (1955-1972)
*[[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Parti Melayu Semangat 46 (Spirit of 46 Malay Party)]] (1989-1996)
*[[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Parti Melayu Semangat 46 (Spirit of 46 Malay Party)]] (1989-1996)
*[[File:Liberalsoc.png]] [[Liberal Socialism|Parti Pekerja Sarawak (Sarawak Workers Party)]] (Former)
==[[File:Cball-FMS.png]] Malayan Union (1946-1948)==
==[[File:Cball-FMS.png]] Malayan Union (1946-1948)==
''During the Malayan Union years, most left-wing socialist parties (including civic nationalist factions) were in favour of the establishment of the Malayan Union, while right-wing ethnic nationalists and monarchists were against the formation of Malayan Union, due to the methods Sir Harold MacMichael used to acquire the Sultans' approval and the implementation of jus soli citizenship.''
''During the Malayan Union years, most left-wing socialist parties (including civic nationalist factions) were in favour of the establishment of the Malayan Union, while right-wing ethnic nationalists and monarchists were against the formation of Malayan Union, due to the methods Sir Harold MacMichael used to acquire the Sultans' approval and the implementation of jus soli citizenship.''
Line 95: Line 97:
*[[File:Civnat.png]] [[Civic Nationalism|Malayan Democratic Union]]
*[[File:Civnat.png]] [[Civic Nationalism|Malayan Democratic Union]]
===Against:===
===Against:===
*[[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|United Malays Organisation]]
*[[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|United Malays Organisation]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Persatuan Melayu Terengganu]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Persatuan Melayu Terengganu]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Persatuan Kebangsaan Melayu Selangor]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Persatuan Kebangsaan Melayu Selangor]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Perikatan Melayu Perak]]
**[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Perikatan Melayu Perak]]
***[[File:PostColFem.png]] [[Postcolonial Feminism|Bahagian Wanita Perikatan Melayu Perak]]  
***[[File:PostColFem.png]] [[Postcolonial Feminism|Bahagian Wanita Perikatan Melayu Perak]]  
**[[File:Mat.png]] [[Maternalism|Persatuan Kaum Ibu Selangor]]  
**[[File:Mat.png]] [[Maternalism|Persatuan Kaum Ibu Selangor]]  
Line 113: Line 115:
*[[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs]] [[File:Libertarian.png]]
*[[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs]] [[File:Libertarian.png]]
*[[File:PKR.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Invoke Malaysia]]
*[[File:PKR.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Invoke Malaysia]]
*[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Yayasan Kepimpinan Perdana (Perdana Leadership Foundation)]]
*[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Neoliberalism|Yayasan Kepimpinan Perdana (Perdana Leadership Foundation)]]
*[[File:Islamic_Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Malaysia Alliance of Civil Society Organisations in the UPR Process]]
*[[File:Islamic_Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Malaysia Alliance of Civil Society Organisations in the UPR Process]]
**[[File:Mat.png]] [[Maternalism|International Women’s Alliance for Family Institution and Quality Education (WAFIQ)]]
**[[File:Mat.png]] [[Maternalism|International Women’s Alliance for Family Institution and Quality Education (WAFIQ)]]
**[[File:Humanismpix.png]] Centre for Human Rights Research and Advocacy
**[[File:Humanismpix.png]] Centre for Human Rights Research and Advocacy
*[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Socio-Economic Development And Research Institute]]
*[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Socio-Economic Development And Research Institute]]
*[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Institut Darul Ehsan]]


== Youth Wings ==
==Youth Wings==


* [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] [[National Conservatism|Pergerakan Pemuda BN (BN Youth Movement)]]
* [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] [[National Conservatism|Pergerakan Pemuda BN (BN Youth Movement)]]
** [[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Pergerakan Belia UMNO Malaysia (Malaysia UMNO Youth Movement)]]
** [[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Pergerakan Belia UMNO Malaysia (Malaysia UMNO Youth Movement)]]
** [[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Pergerakan Puteri UMNO Malaysia]]
** [[File:UMNO.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Pergerakan Puteri UMNO Malaysia]]
** [[File:MCA.png]] [[Conservatism|马华青年组 (MCA Youth)]]
** [[File:MCA.png]] [[Conservatism|马华青年组 (MCA Youth)]]
**
** [[File:MIC (Malaysia).png]] [[Pan-Nationalism|(Youth MIC)]]
* [[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] [[Reformism#Left-Reformism|Pakatan Harapan (Alliance of Hope)]]
* [[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] [[Reformism#Left-Reformism|Pakatan Harapan (Alliance of Hope)]]
** [[File:PKR.png]] [[Progressivism|Angkatan Muda Keadilan]]
** [[File:PKR.png]] [[Progressivism|Angkatan Muda Keadilan]]
** [[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] [[Social Democracy|DAP Socialist Youth]]
** [[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] [[Social Democracy|DAP Socialist Youth]]
** <s>[[File:Muda.png]] [[Multiculturalism|Ikatan Demokratik Malaysia (Malaysian United Democratic Alliance)]]</s>
* [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|Perikatan Nasional]]
**[[File:PAS.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Dewan Pemuda PAS]]
**[[File:PPBM.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|Pemuda ARMADA]]
* [[File:PSM Malaysia.png]] [[Progressivism|Pemuda Sosialis Malaysia]]
* [[File:PSM Malaysia.png]] [[Progressivism|Pemuda Sosialis Malaysia]]


==Social and Political Movements==
==Social and Political Movements==


=== Ongoing ===
===Ongoing===
*[[File:PKR.png]] [[Reformism|Reformasi]] (1998-present)
*[[File:MilkTeaAlliance.png]] [[Anti-Authoritarianism|Teh Tarik Alliance]] (2020-present)
*[[File:MilkTeaAlliance.png]] [[Anti-Authoritarianism|Teh Tarik Alliance]] (2020-present)
*[[File:Thar.png]] 2021-2022 Malaysian Protests [[File:Activm.png]] (2021-present)
*[[File:Thar.png]] 2021-2022 Malaysian Protests [[File:Activm.png]] (2021-present)
Line 144: Line 150:
**[[File:Anti-Corrupt.png]] [[Anti-Authoritarianism|Littoral Combat Ship Protests]] (2022)
**[[File:Anti-Corrupt.png]] [[Anti-Authoritarianism|Littoral Combat Ship Protests]] (2022)


=== Historical ===
===Historical===


*[[File:Antiimp.png]] Naning Conflict (1831-1832)
*[[File:Antiimp.png]] Naning Conflict (1831-1832)
Line 159: Line 165:
** [[File:Lpop.png]] [[Left-Wing Populism|Tasik Utara Incident]] (1974)
** [[File:Lpop.png]] [[Left-Wing Populism|Tasik Utara Incident]] (1974)
* [[File:Lpop.png]] [[Left-Wing Populism|Baling Protests]] (1974)<ref>Prior to the Baling protests, the Communists under the disguise of "Young Socialists" had infiltrated the University of Malaya Chinese Language Society (UMCLS) in 1971 and communist links to the UMCLS was confirmed on Oct 14 1973 when security forces shot dead a communist terrorist near Tanah Hitam, Chemor in Perak and found a work report by a senior student underground movement leader to his superiors on the activities conducted by the UMCLS. UMCLS manipulation of the University of Malaya Students Union (UMSU) led to the Baling protests (later evolved into riots) in 1974</ref>
* [[File:Lpop.png]] [[Left-Wing Populism|Baling Protests]] (1974)<ref>Prior to the Baling protests, the Communists under the disguise of "Young Socialists" had infiltrated the University of Malaya Chinese Language Society (UMCLS) in 1971 and communist links to the UMCLS was confirmed on Oct 14 1973 when security forces shot dead a communist terrorist near Tanah Hitam, Chemor in Perak and found a work report by a senior student underground movement leader to his superiors on the activities conducted by the UMCLS. UMCLS manipulation of the University of Malaya Students Union (UMSU) led to the Baling protests (later evolved into riots) in 1974</ref>
* [[File:PKR.png]] [[Reformism|Reformasi]] (1998-late 2000s)


*[[File:Libdem2.png]] [[Democracy|BERSIH protests]] (2007-2016)
*[[File:Libdem2.png]] [[Democracy|BERSIH protests]] (2007-2016)
*[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Anti-ICERD]] [[Fourth Theory|Rally]] (2018)
*[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Anti-ICERD]] [[Fourth Theory|Rally]] (2018)
*[[File:Welf.png]] [[Welfarism|#BenderaPutih movement]] (2021)
*[[File:Welf.png]] [[Welfarism|#BenderaPutih movement]] (2021)


Line 167: Line 174:
''Only the most significant sultans are included, and '''bold''' indicates the monarch held the title '''Yang Di-Pertuan Agong'''.''
''Only the most significant sultans are included, and '''bold''' indicates the monarch held the title '''Yang Di-Pertuan Agong'''.''
===List of Maharajas (Emperors) of the Srivijayan Empire===
===List of Maharajas (Emperors) of the Srivijayan Empire===
=== List of Sultans of the Melaka Sultanate ===
===List of Sultans of the Melaka Sultanate===


==== Singapura-Melaka Dynasty ====
====Singapura-Melaka Dynasty====
*[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Parameswara]] (c. 1400-1414)
*[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Parameswara]] (c. 1400-1414)
*[[File:Muslim 2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Sultan Muhammad Shah]] (1424-1444)
*[[File:Muslim 2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Sultan Muhammad Shah]] (1424-1444)
*[[File:Hind.png]] [[Hindu Theocracy|Sultan Abu Syahid Shah (Raja Sri Parameswara Dewa Shah)]] (1444-1446)<ref>Despite Melaka being an Islamic sultanate, Sultan Abu Syahid Shah was a practising Hindu as he took a Hindu title represented a traditionalist reaction in Malacca against Islam, the new religion.</ref>
*[[File:Hind.png]] [[Hindu Theocracy|Sultan Abu Syahid Shah (Raja Sri Parameswara Dewa Shah)]] (1444-1446)<ref>Despite Melaka being an Islamic sultanate, Sultan Abu Syahid Shah was a practising Hindu as he took a Hindu title represented a traditionalist reaction in Malacca against Islam, the new religion.</ref>
*[[File:Thalassocracy.png]] [[Thalassocracy|Sultan Muzaffar Shah]] (1446-1459)
*[[File:Thalassocracy.png]] [[Imperialism#Thalassocracy|Sultan Muzaffar Shah]] (1446-1459)
*[[File:Thalassocracy.png]] [[Thalassocracy|Sultan Mansur Shah]] (1459-1477)
*[[File:Thalassocracy.png]] [[Imperialism#Thalassocracy|Sultan Mansur Shah]] (1459-1477)
*[[File:PolState.png]] [[Police Statism|Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah]] (1477-1488)
*[[File:PolState.png]] [[Police Statism|Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah]] (1477-1488)
*[[File:Anti-Colonial.png]] Sultan Mahmud Shah (1488-1511, 1513-1524)
*[[File:Anti-Colonial.png]] Sultan Mahmud Shah (1488-1511, 1513-1524)
*[[File:Kak.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Sultan Ahmad Shah]] (1511-1513)
*[[File:Kak.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Sultan Ahmad Shah]] (1511-1513)
=== List of Sultans of the Perak Sultanate ===


==== Melaka-Perak Dynasty ====
===List of Sultans of the Perak Sultanate===
 
====Melaka-Perak Dynasty====


* [[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Sultan Muzaffar Riayat Shah I]] (1402-1414)
* [[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Sultan Muzaffar Riayat Shah I]] (1402-1414)


==== Siak Dynasty ====
====Siak Dynasty====
*[[Ethnic Nationalism|Sultan Muzaffar Shah II]]  
*[[Ethnonationalism|Sultan Muzaffar Shah II]]  
*[[File:Anti-Colonial.png]] Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah II (1874-1877)
*[[File:Anti-Colonial.png]] Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah II (1874-1877)
*[[File:Krit.png]] '''[[Kritarchy|Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah]] (1984-2014)'''
*[[File:Krit.png]] '''[[Kritarchy|Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah]] (1984-2014)'''
*Sultan Nazrin Shah
*Sultan Nazrin Shah
=== List of Sultans of the Johor Sultanate ===
===List of Sultans of the Johor Sultanate===
====Melaka-Johor Dynasty====
====Melaka-Johor Dynasty====
*[[File:Thalassocracy.png]] [[Thalassocracy|Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II]] (1528-1564)
*[[File:Thalassocracy.png]] [[Imperialism#Thalassocracy|Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah II]] (1528-1564)
*Sultan Ibrahim Shah
*Sultan Ibrahim Shah
*[[File:Totalitarian.png]] [[Totalitarianism|Sultan Mahmud Shah II]] (1685-1699)
*[[File:Totalitarian.png]] [[Totalitarianism|Sultan Mahmud Shah II]] (1685-1699)
*[[File:Mach.png]] [[Machiavellianism|Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah]] (1718-1722) (Self-proclaimed, disputed)<ref>Raja Kecil was the first sultan of the Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura and claimed to be the illegitimate son of Sultan Mahmud Shah II</ref>
*[[File:Mach.png]] [[Machiavellianism|Sultan Abdul Jalil Rahmat Shah]] (1718-1722) (Self-proclaimed, disputed)<ref>Raja Kecil was the first sultan of the Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura and claimed to be the illegitimate son of Sultan Mahmud Shah II</ref>
====Bendahara Dynasty====  
 
====Bendahara Dynasty====
*Sultan Abdul Jalil Riayat Shah IV (Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Abdul Jalil)
*Sultan Abdul Jalil Riayat Shah IV (Bendahara Paduka Raja Tun Abdul Jalil)
*[[File:Cermon.png]] [[Ceremonial Monarchism|Sultan Mahmud Shah III]] (1770-1811)
*[[File:Cermon.png]] [[Ceremonial Monarchism|Sultan Mahmud Shah III]] (1770-1811)
====Temmengong Dynasty====
====Temmengong Dynasty====
*Temmengong Daeng Ibrahim
*Temmengong Daeng Ibrahim
*[[File:Enlightab.png]] [[Enlightened Absolutism|Sultan Sir Abu Bakar ''Al-Khalil'']] (1868-1896)
*[[File:Enlightmon.png]] [[Enlightened Absolutism|Sultan Sir Abu Bakar ''Al-Khalil'']] (1868-1896)
*[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Sir Ibrahim ''Al-Masyhur'']] (1896-1959)
*[[File:IbrahimAl-Mashyur.png]] [[Monarcho-Fascism|Sultan Sir Ibrahim ''Al-Masyhur'']] (1896-1959)
*'''[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Iskandar ''Al-Mutawakkil Alallah'']]  (1981-2010)'''
*'''[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Iskandar ''Al-Mutawakkil Alallah'']]  (1981-2010)'''
*[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Ibrahim Ismail]] (2010-present)
*[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Ibrahim Ismail]] (2010-present)
=== List of Sultans of the Terengganu Sultanate ===
===List of Sultans of the Terengganu Sultanate===


==== Telanai Dynasty ====
====Telanai Dynasty====


* Raja Mandalika
* Raja Mandalika
Line 212: Line 221:
* Tun Telanai Diraja
* Tun Telanai Diraja


==== Megat Dynasty ====
====Megat Dynasty====


*
*


==== Bendahara Dynasty ====
====Bendahara Dynasty====
*[[File:SemiConmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Haji Zainal Abidin III Mu’azzam Shah]] (1881-1918)
*[[File:SemiConmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Haji Zainal Abidin III Mu’azzam Shah]] (1881-1918)
*[[File:Cermon.png]] [[Ceremonial Monarchism|Sultan Ali Shah]] (1942-1945)<ref>Sultan Ali Shah was installed as Sultan of Terengganu by the [[File:Showa.png]] Japanese Military Administration instead via the Dewan Pangkuan Diraja (Privy Council) which is against the Undang-undang Bagi Diri Kerajaan Terengganu, the state constitution, which he was later recognized by [[File:Thaifash.png]] Plaek Phibulsongkram as Sultan of Terengganu during the Thai occupation of Terengganu. After WW2, he was forced to abdicate after his enthronement as Sultan of Terengganu was unconstitutional due to aforementioned reason. </ref>
*[[File:Cermon.png]] [[Ceremonial Monarchism|Sultan Ali Shah]] (1942-1945)<ref>Sultan Ali Shah was installed as Sultan of Terengganu by the [[File:Showa.png]] Japanese Military Administration instead via the Dewan Pangkuan Diraja (Privy Council) which is against the Undang-undang Bagi Diri Kerajaan Terengganu, the state constitution, which he was later recognized by [[File:Thaifash.png]] Plaek Phibulsongkram as Sultan of Terengganu during the Thai occupation of Terengganu. After WW2, he was forced to abdicate after his enthronement as Sultan of Terengganu was unconstitutional due to aforementioned reason. </ref>
Line 222: Line 231:
*'''[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin]] (1999-present)'''
*'''[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin]] (1999-present)'''


=== List of Sultans of the Pahang Sultanate ===
===List of Sultans of the Pahang Sultanate===


* Maharaja Tajau
* Maharaja Tajau
Line 230: Line 239:
*
*


==== Melaka-Pahang Dynasty ====
====Melaka-Pahang Dynasty====


*[[File:Monarch.png]] Sultan Abdul Ghafar
*[[File:Monarch.png]] Sultan Abdul Ghafar
Line 236: Line 245:
*
*


==== Bendahara Dynasty ====
====Bendahara Dynasty====


* Sultan Ahmad Shah (1980-2020)
* Sultan Ahmad Shah (1980-2020)
* Sultan Abdullah (2020-present)
* Sultan Abdullah (2020-present)


=== List of Sultans of the Kelantan Sultanate ===
===List of Sultans of the Kelantan Sultanate===


==== Iskandar Dynasty ====
====Iskandar Dynasty====


* [[File:Muslim 2.png]] Sultan Iskandar Shah (?-1465)
* [[File:Muslim 2.png]] Sultan Iskandar Shah (?-1465)
Line 250: Line 259:
*
*


==== Jembal Dynasty ====
====Jembal Dynasty====


==== Long Yunus Dynasty ====
====Long Yunus Dynasty====


* [[File:Monarch.png]]Long Yunus
* [[File:Monarch.png]]Long Yunus
Line 265: Line 274:
* '''Sultan Muhammad V (2010-present)'''
* '''Sultan Muhammad V (2010-present)'''


=== List of Rajas of Perlis ===
===List of Rajas of Perlis===


==== Jamalullail Dynasty ====
====Jamalullail Dynasty====


=== List of Sultans of Kedah Sultanate ===
===List of Sultans of Kedah Sultanate===


==== Mahawangsa Dynasty ====
====Mahawangsa Dynasty====


* [[File:Mahawangsa.png]] Sultan Mudzafar Shah, Phra Ong Mahawangsa (1136-1179)
* [[File:Mahawangsa.png]] Sultan Mudzafar Shah, Phra Ong Mahawangsa (1136-1179)
Line 278: Line 287:
* [[File:Gero.png]] '''[[Gerontocracy|Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah (1958-2017)]]'''<ref>Currently the only Yang Di-Pertuan Agong to serve two terms in rotation system</ref>
* [[File:Gero.png]] '''[[Gerontocracy|Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah (1958-2017)]]'''<ref>Currently the only Yang Di-Pertuan Agong to serve two terms in rotation system</ref>


=== List of Yamtuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan ===
===List of Yamtuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan===


==== Pagar Ruyung Dynasty ====
====Pagar Ruyung Dynasty====


* [[File:Emon.png]]Yamtuan Melewar
* [[File:Emon.png]]Yamtuan Melewar
Line 294: Line 303:
* [[File:Emon.png]]Tuanku Muhriz
* [[File:Emon.png]]Tuanku Muhriz


=== List of Sultans of Selangor Sultanate ===
===List of Sultans of Selangor Sultanate===


==== Opu Daeng Celak Dynasty ====
====Opu Daeng Celak Dynasty====


=== [[File:Cball-Penang.png]] Lists of Governors of Penang ===
===[[File:Cball-Penang.png]] Lists of Governors of Penang===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!No
!No
Line 325: Line 334:
|}
|}


=== Lists of Governors of Melaka ===
===Lists of Governors of Melaka===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|+
Line 380: Line 389:
|}
|}


=== Lists of Governors of Sabah ===
===Lists of Governors of Sabah===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!No
!No
Line 407: Line 416:
|}
|}


=== Lists of Governors of Sarawak ===
===Lists of Governors of Sarawak===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!No
!No
Line 451: Line 460:
|Former Chief Minister of Sarawak
|Former Chief Minister of Sarawak
|}
|}
=== Malay Sultanates under Siamese Occupation or Suzerainty ===
* King Nang Klao (Rama III)
* King Mongkut (Rama IV)
* King Chulalongkorn (Rama V)
=== British Malaya ===
==== Monarchs ====
* [[File:QueenVictoria.png]] Queen Victoria
*[[file:EdwardVII-UK.png]] King Edward VII
* [[File:Windsor.png]] King George V
* [[File:Windsor.png]] King Edward VIII
* [[File:Windsor.png]] King George VI
* [[File:ElizabethII.png]] Queen Elizabeth II
==== High Commissioners ====
* Sir Edward Gent
* Sir Henry Gurney
=== Rajahs of Sarawak ===
* Rajah James Brooke
* Rajah Charles Brooke
* Rajah Charles Vyner Brooke
* Rajah Muda Anthony Brooke (Regent)
=== Malaya, Singapore, and North Borneo under Japanese Occupation ===
* Emperor Hirohito
=== Northern Malaya under Thai Occupation ===
* King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII)


==Head of Government==
==Head of Government==
Line 505: Line 477:
|}
|}


=== List of Prime Ministers ===
===List of Prime Ministers===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|+
Line 522: Line 494:
|-
|-
|2
|2
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Democracy|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]  
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]  
|1970-1976
|1970-1976
|[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
|[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
Line 538: Line 510:
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |4
| rowspan="2" |4
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Authoritarian Capitalism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
|1981-2003
|1981-2003
| rowspan="2" |Currently the only prime minister who served two terms in two different political affilations.
| rowspan="2" |Currently the only prime minister who served two terms in two different political affilations.
Line 554: Line 526:
|-
|-
|6
|6
|[[File:NajibRazak.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Reactionary Liberalism|Dato' Seri Najib Abdul Razak]]
|[[File:NajibRazak.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Neoliberalism|Dato' Seri Najib Abdul Razak]]
|2009-2018
|2009-2018
|Resigned after facing defeat in the 2018 elections
|Resigned after facing defeat in the 2018 elections
Line 567: Line 539:
|8
|8
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism|Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism|Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob]]
|2021-present
|2021-2022
|[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
|[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
|Resigned after facing defeat in the 2022 elections
|-
|9
|[[File:AnwarIbrahim.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]
|2022-
|[[File:PKR.png]] PKR,
[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] Pakatan Harapan
|Incumbent
|Incumbent
|}
|}
Line 584: Line 563:
|-
|-
|1
|1
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Democracy|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]  
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]  
|1959
|1959
| rowspan="2" |[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
| rowspan="2" |[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
Line 594: Line 573:
|1970
|1970
|[[File:TunkuAbdulRahman.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj]]/
|[[File:TunkuAbdulRahman.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj]]/
[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Democracy|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]   
[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]   
|-
|-
|3
|3
Line 601: Line 580:
|[[File:MIC_(Malaysia).png]] MIC,
|[[File:MIC_(Malaysia).png]] MIC,
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Democracy|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]   
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Abdul Razak Hussein]]   
|-
|-
|4
|4
Line 608: Line 587:
|[[File:MCA.png]] MCA,  
|[[File:MCA.png]] MCA,  
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Authoritarian Capitalism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
|-
|-
|5
|5
|[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]
|[[File:AnwarIbrahim.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]
|1997
|1997
|[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
|[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
Line 617: Line 596:
|}
|}


=== List of Deputy Prime Ministers ===
===List of Deputy Prime Ministers===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+
|+
Line 646: Line 625:
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Cultural Nationalism|Tun Hussein Onn]]  
|[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Cultural Nationalism|Tun Hussein Onn]]  
|1973-1976
|1973-1976
| rowspan="9" |[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
| rowspan="10" |[[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO,  
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Barisan Nasional
|Succeeded as Prime Minister
|Succeeded as Prime Minister
Line 659: Line 638:
|[[File:Corp.png]] [[Corporatocracy|Tun Musa Hitam]]
|[[File:Corp.png]] [[Corporatocracy|Tun Musa Hitam]]
|1981-1986
|1981-1986
| rowspan="4" |[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
| rowspan="4" |[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Authoritarian Capitalism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
|Resigned
|Resigned
|-
|-
|6
|6
|[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba]]
|[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba]]
|1986-1993
|1986-1993
|Resigned
|Resigned
|-
|-
|7
|7
|[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]
|[[File:AnwarIbrahim.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]
|1993-1998
|1993-1998
|Removed from office after being accused and subsequently charged with corruption and sodomy in 1998
|Removed from office after being accused and subsequently charged with corruption and sodomy in 1998
Line 689: Line 668:
|Removed from office
|Removed from office
|-
|-
|11
| rowspan="2" |11
|[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[Kleptocracy|Dato' Seri Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]]
| rowspan="2" |'''[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[Kleptocracy|Dato' Seri Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]]'''
|2015-2018
|2015-2018
|Disqualified from office after facing defeat in 2018 General Elections
|Disqualified from office after facing defeat in 2018 General Elections.
|-
|2022-
|[[File:AnwarIbrahim.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]
|'''Incumbent, representing Peninsular Malaysia'''
|-
|-
|12
|12
|[[File:KakWan.png]] [[Islamic Feminism|Dato' Seri Wan Azizah Wan Ismail]]  
|[[File:KakWan.png]] [[Reformism|Dato' Seri Wan Azizah Wan Ismail]]  
|2018-2020
|2018-2020
|[[File:PKR.png]] PKR,  
|[[File:PKR.png]] PKR,  
[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] Pakatan Harapan
[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] Pakatan Harapan
|[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
|[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Authoritarian Capitalism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]]
|Disqualified from office after the seventh Mahathir cabinet was dissolved
|Disqualified from office after the seventh Mahathir cabinet was dissolved
|-
|-
Line 709: Line 692:
|[[File:Mahiaddin.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|Tan Sri Mahiaddin Yassin]]  
|[[File:Mahiaddin.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|Tan Sri Mahiaddin Yassin]]  
|Succeeded as Prime Minister
|Succeeded as Prime Minister
|-
|14
|'''[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Dato' Sri Haji Fadillah bin Haji Yusof]]'''
|2022-
|PBB, [[File:GabunganPartiSarawak.png]] Gabungan Parti Sarawak
|[[File:AnwarIbrahim.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]]
|'''Incumbent, representing East Malaysia'''
|}
|}


==Dewan Negara (WIP)==
==Dewan Negara (WIP)==
===Current===
===Current===
*[[File:Bankocracy.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Bankocracy|Tengku Zafrul Aziz]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Bankocracy.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Financialism|Tengku Zafrul Aziz]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Utama Dr. Rais bin Yatim]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM)
*[[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Utama Dr. Rais bin Yatim]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM)
*[[File:Kak.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM)
*[[File:Confem-alt.png]] [[Conservative Feminism|Nicole Wong Siaw Ting]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-MCA)
*[[File:Confem-alt.png]] [[Conservative Feminism|Nicole Wong Siaw Ting]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-MCA)
*[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Dominic Lau Hoe Chai]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-GERAKAN)
*[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Dominic Lau Hoe Chai]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-GERAKAN)
*[[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri]] (Independent)
*[[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Zulkifli Mohamad Al-Bakri]] (Independent)
*[[File:Mach.png]] [[Machiavellianism|Dato' Seri DiRaja Dr. Zambry Abdul Kadir]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)


=== Former ===
===Former===


* [[File:AMIPF.png]] [[Religious Socialism|Sambanthan Manickam]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Friends of BN-AIMPF)
* [[File:AMIPF.png]] [[Religious Socialism|Sambanthan Manickam]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] Friends of BN-AIMPF)
Line 728: Line 718:


==Dewan Rakyat (WIP)==
==Dewan Rakyat (WIP)==
=== Current ===
===Current===
(14th Parliamentary Session dissolved, will be re-updated after the election)
 
====Perlis====
 
* [[File:Corp.png]] [[Corporatocracy|Dato' Seri Dr. Shahidan Kassim]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PAS, Arau)
 
====Kedah====
 
* [[File:Muslim 2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Dr. Hj. Abdul Ghani Ahmad]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PAS, Jerlun)
 
====Penang====
 
* [[File:LimGuanEng.png]] [[Multiculturalism|Joseph Lim Guan Eng]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-DAP, Bagan)<ref>Nicknamed "Nobita" (from a Japanese manga series Doraemon) by then opposition Barisan Nasional in Parliamentary session due to his resemblance in hairstyle and glasses. </ref>
* [[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] [[Multiculturalism|Chow Kon Yeo]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-DAP, Batu Kawan)
 
====Perak====
 
* [[File:Honk.png]] [[Satirism|David Nga Kor Ming]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-DAP, Teluk Intan)
* [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|Datuk Seri Hamzah Zainudin]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM, Larut)
* [[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Datuk Ustaz Haji Idris Ahmad]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PAS, Bagan Serai)
*[[File:AnwarIbrahim.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PKR, Tambun)
*[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[Kleptocracy|Dato' Seri Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO, Bagan Datuk)
 
====Selangor====
 
* [[File:MatSabu.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Mohamad Sabu]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-AMANAH, Kota Raja)
 
====Federal Territories====
 
* [[File:KakWan.png]] [[Reformism|Dato' Seri Wan Azizah Wan Ismail]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PKR, Bandar Tun Razak)
* [[File:Libfem.png]] [[Liberal Feminism|Hannah Yeoh Tseow Suan]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-DAP, Segambut)
 
====Negeri Sembilan====
 
* [[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] [[Multiculturalism|Anthony Loke Siew Fook]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-DAP, Seremban)
* [[File:Corp.png]] [[Corporatocracy|Dato' Seri Utama Haji Mohamad bin Haji Hasan]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO, Rembau)
 
====Melaka====
 
====Johor====
 
* [[File:Mahiaddin.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|Tan Sri Mahiaddin Yassin]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM, Pagoh)
*[[File:SyedSaddiq.png]] [[Multiculturalism|Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman]] ([[File:Muda.png]] MUDA, Muar)
*[[File:MCA.png]] [[Conservatism|Datuk Seri Ir. Dr. Wee Ka Siong]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-MCA, Ayer Hitam)
*[[File:MCA.png]] [[Conservatism|Dato' Sri Dr. Wee Jeck Seng]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-MCA, Tanjong Piai)
 
====Pahang====
 
* [[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism|Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO, Bera)
* [[File:Native.png]] [[Indigenism|Dato' Ramli Mohd Nor]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO, Cameron Highlands)
 
====Kelantan====
 
* [[File:Kak.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Wan Ahmad Fayhsal Wan Ahmad Kamal]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PAS, Machang)
 
====Terengganu====
 
* [[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Tan Sri Tuan Guru Abdul Hadi Awang]] ([[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PAS, Marang)
 
====Sarawak====
 
* [[File:Confem-alt.png]] [[Conservative Feminism|Dato' Sri Hajah Nancy Shukri]] ([[File:GabunganPartiSarawak.png]] GPS-PBB, Santubong)
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Dato' Sri Haji Fadillah bin Haji Yusof]] ([[File:GabunganPartiSarawak.png]] GPS-PBB, Petra Jaya)
 
====Sabah====
*[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[National Capitalism|Datuk Seri]] [[Kleptocracy|Panglima Bung Moktar Radin]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO, Kinabatangan)<ref>Bung Mokhtar was corrupt, apart from his controversial remarks which inlude [praising Hitler https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-28227713], sexist remarks and vulgarity in Parliament</ref>
*


===Former===
===Former===
 
*[[File:Mahathir.png]] [[Authoritarian Capitalism|Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO→[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PPBM→[[File:Mahathir.png]] PEJUANG)
*[[File:Plutocrat.png]] [[Plutocracy|Dato' Seri Utama Mukhriz Mahathir]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO→[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PPBM→[[File:Mahathir.png]] PEJUANG)
*[[File:Clib.png]][[File:Arist.png]] [[Aristocracy|Tan Sri Tengku]] [[Classical Liberalism|Razaleigh Hamzah]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO→S46→[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Kak.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Datuk Hajah Zuraida Kamaruddin]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PKR→[[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM→PBM)
*[[File:Scientocracy_Small.png]] [[Scientocracy|Khairy Jamaluddin]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Mujahid Yusof Rawa]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-AMANAH)
*[[File:Envi.png]] [[Environmentalism|Wong Tack]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-DAP)
*[[File:Kak.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Dato' Seri Mohamed Azmin Ali]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PKR→[[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM)
*[[File:Thar.png]] [[Anti-Authoritarianism|Dr. Maszlee Malik]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PPBM→Independent→[[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PKR)
*[[File:KarpalSingh.png]] [[Civil Libertarianism|Datuk Seri Utama Karpal Singh]] ([[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] DAP)
*[[File:KarpalSingh.png]] [[Civil Libertarianism|Datuk Seri Utama Karpal Singh]] ([[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] DAP)
*[[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Mohamed bin Rahmat]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Mohamed bin Rahmat]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Civlibert.png]] [[Civil Libertarianism|Maria Chin Abdullah]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PKR)
*[[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Utama Dr. Rais bin Yatim]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Utama Dr. Rais bin Yatim]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:PERKASA.png]] [[Ethnocracy|Dato' Dr. Ibrahim Ali]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO→S46→[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO→Independent→[[File:PAS.png]] PAS→Independent)<ref>Due to Ibrahim Ali's frequent party-hopping during his tenure as Parliamentary member, he was later known as the "King of Frogs" (Raja Katak) by opponents</ref>
*[[File:Ibrahim_Ali.png]] [[Ethnocracy|Dato' Dr. Ibrahim Ali]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO→S46→[[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO→Independent→[[File:PAS.png]] PAS→Independent)<ref>Due to Ibrahim Ali's frequent party-hopping during his tenure as Parliamentary member, he was later known as the "King of Frogs" (Raja Katak) by opponents</ref>
*[[File:SamyVellu.png]] [[Satirism|Tun Samy Vellu s/o Sangalimuthu]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-MIC)
*[[File:SamyVellu.png]] [[Satirism|Tun Samy Vellu s/o Sangalimuthu]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-MIC)
*[[File:NajibRazak.png]] [[Reactionary Liberalism|Dato' Seri Najib Abdul Razak (]][[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:LimKitSiang.png]] [[Multiculturalism|Lim Kit Siang]] ([[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] DAP)
*[[File:Reform.png]] [[Reformism|Nurul Izzah Anwar]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PKR)
*[[File:Kak.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Dato' Seri Ahmad Faizal bin Azumu]] ([[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PPBM→[[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM)
*[[File:Antiwest.png]] [[Civil Libertarianism|Kua Kia Soong]] ([[File:DAP(Malaysia).png]] DAP)


===List of Opposition Leaders===
===List of Opposition Leaders===
*[[File:Islamic_Socialism.png]] [[Islamic Socialism|Dato' Seri Dr. Burhanuddin al-Helmy]] (1957-64, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
*[[File:Islamic_Socialism.png]] [[Islamic Socialism|Dato' Seri Dr. Burhanuddin al-Helmy]] (1957-64, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
*[[File:Soc.png]] [[Socialism|Tan Sri Dato' Tan Chee Khoon]] (1964-69, Labour Party/GERAKAN)
*[[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism|Tan Sri Dato' Tan Chee Khoon]] (1964-69, Labour Party/GERAKAN)
*''(Position vacant between 1969-1971 due to suspension of Parliament following the 13 May Riots in 1969)''
*''(Position vacant between 1969-1971 due to suspension of Parliament following the 13 May Riots in 1969)''
*[[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Tan Sri Dato' Sri Paduka Raja Dato' Haji Mohd Asri bin Haji Muda]] (1971-1973, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
*[[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Tan Sri Dato' Sri Paduka Raja Dato' Haji Mohd Asri bin Haji Muda]] (1971-1973, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
Line 750: Line 819:
*[[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Tuan Guru Abdul Hadi Awang]] (2002-04, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
*[[File:Muslim_2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Tuan Guru Abdul Hadi Awang]] (2002-04, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
*[[File:KakWan.png]] [[Islamic Feminism|Dato' Seri Wan Azizah Wan Ismail]] (2008; 2015-18, [[File:PKR.png]] PKR)
*[[File:KakWan.png]] [[Islamic Feminism|Dato' Seri Wan Azizah Wan Ismail]] (2008; 2015-18, [[File:PKR.png]] PKR)
*[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]] (2008-15; 2020-present, [[File:PKR.png]] PKR)
*[[File:AnwarIbrahim.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim]] (2008-15; 2020-22, [[File:PKR.png]] PKR)
*[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[Kleptocracy|Dato' Seri Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]] (2018-19, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[Kleptocracy|Dato' Seri Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi]] (2018-19, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism|Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob]] (2019-20, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism|Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob]] (2019-20, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] [[Authoritarian Conservatism|Datuk Seri Hamzah Zainudin]] (2022-, [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PPBM)
==Menteri Besar/Chief Ministers (WIP)==
==Menteri Besar/Chief Ministers (WIP)==
===[[File:Cball-Perlis.png]] Perlis===
===[[File:Cball-Perlis.png]] Perlis===
=== Kedah===
 
* [[File:Muslim 2.png]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Dato' Seri Dr. Shahidan Kassim]] (1995-2008, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
 
===Kedah===
*[[File:Plutocrat.png]] [[Plutocracy|Dato' Seri Utama Mukhriz Mahathir]] (2013-2016, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO; 2018-2020, [[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PPBM)
*[[File:Plutocrat.png]] [[Plutocracy|Dato' Seri Utama Mukhriz Mahathir]] (2013-2016, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO; 2018-2020, [[File:Pakatan Harapan.png]] PH-PPBM)
*[[File:Muslim 2.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Dato' Seri Haji]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Muhammad Sanusi bin Md Nor]] (2020-present, [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PAS)
*[[File:Muslim 2.png]] [[Kakistocracy|Dato' Seri Haji]] [[Islamic Theocracy|Muhammad Sanusi bin Md Nor]] (2020-present, [[File:Perikatan Nasional.png]] PN-PAS)
Line 766: Line 840:
===[[File:Cball-Perak.png]] Perak===
===[[File:Cball-Perak.png]] Perak===


*[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnic Nationalism|Dato' Panglima Bukit Gantang (Abdul Wahab Toh Muda Abdul Aziz)]] (1948-1957, [[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO/Independent/National Association of Perak)
*[[File:Ethnonat.png]] [[Ethnonationalism|Dato' Panglima Bukit Gantang (Abdul Wahab Toh Muda Abdul Aziz)]] (1948-1957, [[File:UMNO.png]] UMNO/Independent/National Association of Perak)
*[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Ir. Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin]] (2008-2009, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
*[[File:Islamic Democracy.png]] [[Islamic Democracy|Dato' Seri Ir. Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin]] (2008-2009, [[File:PAS.png]] PAS)
*[[File:Mach.png]] [[Machiavellianism|Dato' Seri DiRaja Dr. Zambry Abdul Kadir]] (2009-2018, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:Mach.png]] [[Machiavellianism|Dato' Seri DiRaja Dr. Zambry Abdul Kadir]] (2009-2018, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
Line 772: Line 846:
*[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism|Dato' Seri Saarani Mohamad]] (2020-present, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:UMNO-Socdem.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism|Dato' Seri Saarani Mohamad]] (2020-present, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)


===[[File:Cball-Selangor.png]] Selangor ===
===[[File:Cball-Selangor.png]] Selangor===
*[[File:Arist.png]] [[Aristocracy|Raja Tun Uda Al-Haj bin Raja Muhammad]] (1949-1953; 1954-1955, Independent)
*[[File:Arist.png]] [[Aristocracy|Raja Tun Uda Al-Haj bin Raja Muhammad]] (1949-1953; 1954-1955, Independent)
*[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[Kleptocracy|Dr. Mohamad Khir Bin Toyo]] (2000-2008, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*[[File:UMNO-klep.png]] [[Kleptocracy|Dr. Mohamad Khir Bin Toyo]] (2000-2008, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
Line 780: Line 854:


* [[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Utama Dr. Rais bin Yatim]] (1978-1982,  [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
* [[File:Mediastocracy_flair.png]] [[Mediacracy|Tan Sri Dato' Seri Utama Dr. Rais bin Yatim]] (1978-1982,  [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
* [[File:Corp.png]] [[Corporatocracy|Dato' Seri Utama Haji Mohamad bin Haji Hasan]] (2004-2018, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)


===Melaka===
===Melaka===
Line 803: Line 878:
*Dato' Sri Haji Wan Rosdy Wan Ismail (2018-present, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)
*Dato' Sri Haji Wan Rosdy Wan Ismail (2018-present, [[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-UMNO)


===Sarawak===  
===Sarawak===
*[[File:Right-AnEn.png]] Tun Pehin Sri Haji Abdul Taib Mahmud ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-PBB, 1981-2014)
*[[File:Right-AnEn.png]] Tun Pehin Sri Haji Abdul Taib Mahmud ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN-PBB, 1981-2014)
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Tan Sri Datuk Patinggi Abang Haji Abdul Rahman Zohari bin Tun Abang Haji Openg]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN/ [[File:GabunganPartiSarawak.png]] GPS-PBB, 2017-present)
*[[File:Fed.png]] [[Federalism|Tan Sri Datuk Patinggi Abang Haji Abdul Rahman Zohari bin Tun Abang Haji Openg]] ([[File:Barisan Nasional.png]] BN/ [[File:GabunganPartiSarawak.png]] GPS-PBB, 2017-present)
Line 813: Line 888:
<notes />
<notes />


<comments />
 
[[zh:政治组织与运动列表/政党/马来西亚]]
[[zh:政治组织与运动列表/政党/马来西亚]]

Latest revision as of 23:41, 8 June 2023

Political Parties

Parliamentary

Government

Opposition

Extraparliamentary

Previously Represented in Dewan Rakyat

De jure they still exist, but de facto they're irrelevant and everyone has already forgot (or at least a few of them remembered) about them.


Historical

Malayan Union (1946-1948)

During the Malayan Union years, most left-wing socialist parties (including civic nationalist factions) were in favour of the establishment of the Malayan Union, while right-wing ethnic nationalists and monarchists were against the formation of Malayan Union, due to the methods Sir Harold MacMichael used to acquire the Sultans' approval and the implementation of jus soli citizenship.

In Favour:

Against:

Federation of Malaya (1948-1963)

Think Tanks

Youth Wings

Social and Political Movements

Ongoing

Historical

  • Naning Conflict (1831-1832)
  • Mat Salleh Rebellion (1894-1905)
  • Kelantan Rebellion (1915)
  • Terengganu Insurgency (1922-1928)
  • Anti-Malayan Union protests (1946-1947)
  • Anti-cession movement of Sarawak (1946-1950)
    • Rukun Tiga Belas (1947-1950)

Heads of States

Only the most significant sultans are included, and bold indicates the monarch held the title Yang Di-Pertuan Agong.

List of Maharajas (Emperors) of the Srivijayan Empire

List of Sultans of the Melaka Sultanate

Singapura-Melaka Dynasty

List of Sultans of the Perak Sultanate

Melaka-Perak Dynasty

Siak Dynasty

List of Sultans of the Johor Sultanate

Melaka-Johor Dynasty

Bendahara Dynasty

Temmengong Dynasty

List of Sultans of the Terengganu Sultanate

Telanai Dynasty

  • Raja Mandalika
  • Sri Akar Diraja
  • Tun Telanai Diraja

Megat Dynasty

Bendahara Dynasty

List of Sultans of the Pahang Sultanate

  • Maharaja Tajau
  • Parameswara Telok Chini
  • Maharaja Dewa Sura
  • Panglima Perang, Seri Bija di-Raja

Melaka-Pahang Dynasty

  • Sultan Abdul Ghafar
  • Sultan Abdul Ghafar's son (Name unknown)

Bendahara Dynasty

  • Sultan Ahmad Shah (1980-2020)
  • Sultan Abdullah (2020-present)

List of Sultans of the Kelantan Sultanate

Iskandar Dynasty

Jembal Dynasty

Long Yunus Dynasty

  • Long Yunus
  • Tengku Muhammad (Yang Di-Pertuan)
  • Sultan Muhammad I
  • Long Zainal (Yang Di-Pertuan)
  • Sultan Muhammad III
  • Sultan Mansor
  • Sultan Muhammad IV
  • Sultan Yahya Petra
  • Sultan Ismail Petra
  • Sultan Muhammad V (2010-present)

List of Rajas of Perlis

Jamalullail Dynasty

List of Sultans of Kedah Sultanate

Mahawangsa Dynasty

List of Yamtuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan

Pagar Ruyung Dynasty

  • Yamtuan Melewar
  • Yamtuan Hitam
  • Yamtuan Lenggang
  • Yamtuan Radin
  • Yamtuan Imam
  • Yamtuan Antah of Seri Menanti
  • Tuanku Muhammad of Seri Menanti
  • Tuanku Abul Rahman
  • Tuanku Munawir
  • Tuanku Ja'afar
  • Tuanku Muhriz

List of Sultans of Selangor Sultanate

Opu Daeng Celak Dynasty

Lists of Governors of Penang

No Name Term Political Affilation Notes
1 Raja Tun Uda Al-Haj bin Raja Muhammad 1957-1967 Independent Initially there was a plan to appoint state Governors of Malay descent if the Chief Minister is of Malaysian Chinese descent and vice versa, but later abandoned. Former Menteri Besar of Selangor.
2
3

Lists of Governors of Melaka

No Name Term Political Affilation Notes
1 Tun Leong Yew Koh 1957-1959 MCA,

Parti Perikatan

Initially there was a plan to appoint state Governors of Malaysian Chinese descent if the Chief Minister is of Malay descent and vice versa, but later abandoned. Resigned after being appointed Minister of Justice in 1959.
2 Tun Dato' Maha Kurnia Abdul Malek bin Yusuf 1959-1971 Independent Former Menteri Besar of Negeri Sembilan
3 Tun Dr Haji Abdul Aziz Abdul Majid 1971-1975 UMNO,

Parti Perikatan/

Barisan Nasional

Former Menteri Besar of both Selangor and Negeri Sembilan, the only politician to hold the position of head of governments of two different states.
4 Tun Syed Zahiruddin bin Syed Hassan 1975-1984 Independent One of the Orang Besar Empat Perak, a nobility title in the State of Perak
5 Tun Datuk Seri Utama Syed Ahmad bin Syed Mahmud Shahabuddin 1984-2004 UMNO,

Barisan Nasional

Former Menteri Besar of Kedah, Currently the longest-serving Governor of Melaka.
6 Tun Datuk Seri Utama Mohd Khalil bin Yaakob 2004-2020 Former Menteri Besar of Pahang and former Minister of Information
7 Tun Seri Setia (Dr) Haji Mohd Ali bin Mohd Rustam 2020-present Former Chief Minister of Melaka

Lists of Governors of Sabah

No Name Term Political Affilation Notes
1
2
3

Lists of Governors of Sarawak

No Name Term Political Affilation Notes
1
2
3 Tun Pehin Sri Datuk Patinggi Abang Haji Muhammad Salahuddin bin Abang Barieng 1977-1981, 2001-2014 Independent The first Yang di-Pertua Negeri to serve twice as governor of Sarawak state.
4
5
6 Tun Pehin Sri Haji Abdul Taib Mahmud 2014-present Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu Former Chief Minister of Sarawak

Head of Government

Chief Minister of the Federation of Malaya

No Name Term of Office Political Affilation Note
1 Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj 1955-1957 UMNO, Parti Perikatan Position abolished following independence of Federation of Malaya

List of Prime Ministers

No Name Term of Office Political Affilation Note
1 Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj 1957-1970 UMNO,

Parti Perikatan

Position established.
2 Tun Abdul Razak Hussein 1970-1976 UMNO,

Parti Perikatan/

Barisan Nasional

Former Prime Minister Tun Abdul Razak Hussein was a Social Democrat as he was once a member of the British Labour Party during his studies in the UK. Died in office.
3 Tun Hussein Onn 1976-1981 UMNO,

Barisan Nasional

Resigned due to health concerns
4 Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad 1981-2003 Currently the only prime minister who served two terms in two different political affilations.
2018-2020 PPBM,

Pakatan Harapan

5 Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi 2003-2009 UMNO,

Barisan Nasional

Resigned
6 Dato' Seri Najib Abdul Razak 2009-2018 Resigned after facing defeat in the 2018 elections
7 Tan Sri Mahiaddin Yassin 2020-2021 PPBM,

Perikatan Nasional

Resigned after loss of confidence
8 Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob 2021-2022 UMNO,

Barisan Nasional

Resigned after facing defeat in the 2022 elections
9 Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim 2022- PKR,

Pakatan Harapan

Incumbent

List of Acting Prime Ministers

Note: This list does not include interim or caretaker prime ministers.

No Name Term of Office Political Affilation Incumbent Prime Minister
1 Tun Abdul Razak Hussein 1959 UMNO,

Parti Perikatan

Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj
2 Tun Dr. Ismail Abdul Rahman 1970 Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj/

Tun Abdul Razak Hussein

3 Tun V.T. Sambanthan 1973 MIC,

Barisan Nasional

Tun Abdul Razak Hussein
4 Tun Dr. Ling Liong Sik 1988 MCA,

Barisan Nasional

Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad
5 Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim 1997 UMNO,

Barisan Nasional

List of Deputy Prime Ministers

No Name Term of Office Political Affilation Prime Minister Note
1 Tun Abdul Razak Hussein 1957-1970 UMNO,

Parti Perikatan

Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj Succeeded as Prime Minister
2 Tun Dr. Ismail Abdul Rahman 1970-1973 UMNO,

Parti Perikatan/ Barisan Nasional

Tun Abdul Razak Hussein Died in office
3 Tun Hussein Onn 1973-1976 UMNO,

Barisan Nasional

Succeeded as Prime Minister
4 Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad 1976-1981 Tun Hussein Onn Succeeded as Prime Minister
5 Tun Musa Hitam 1981-1986 Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad Resigned
6 Tun Abdul Ghafar Baba 1986-1993 Resigned
7 Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim 1993-1998 Removed from office after being accused and subsequently charged with corruption and sodomy in 1998
8 Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi 1998-2003 Succeeded as Prime Minister
9 Dato' Seri Najib Abdul Razak 2003-2009 Tun Abdullah Ahmad Badawi Succeeded as Prime Minister
10 Tan Sri Mahiaddin Yassin 2009-2015 Dato' Seri Najib Abdul Razak Removed from office
11 Dato' Seri Dr. Ahmad Zahid Hamidi 2015-2018 Disqualified from office after facing defeat in 2018 General Elections.
2022- Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim Incumbent, representing Peninsular Malaysia
12 Dato' Seri Wan Azizah Wan Ismail 2018-2020 PKR,

Pakatan Harapan

Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohamad Disqualified from office after the seventh Mahathir cabinet was dissolved
13 Dato' Seri Ismail Sabri Yaakob 2021 UMNO,

Barisan Nasional

Tan Sri Mahiaddin Yassin Succeeded as Prime Minister
14 Dato' Sri Haji Fadillah bin Haji Yusof 2022- PBB, Gabungan Parti Sarawak Dato' Seri Anwar Ibrahim Incumbent, representing East Malaysia

Dewan Negara (WIP)

Current

Former

Dewan Rakyat (WIP)

Current

Perlis

Kedah

Penang

Perak

Selangor

Federal Territories

Negeri Sembilan

Melaka

Johor

Pahang

Kelantan

Terengganu

Sarawak

Sabah

Former

List of Opposition Leaders

Menteri Besar/Chief Ministers (WIP)

Perlis

Kedah

Penang

Perak

Selangor

Negeri Sembilan

Melaka

Johor

Kelantan

Terengganu

Pahang

Sarawak

Sabah

Notes and References

*Denotes non-registered parties

  1. ↑ The Party was led by Syed Saddiq Syed Abdul Rahman, who is considered to be a potential successor of Mahathir Mohamad but chooses to split from PPBM after the Sheraton Move. Upon admission of Datin Dian Lee, daughter of tycoon Tan Sri Lee Kim Yew (one of Mahathir's close friends) into the party, journalists link the party with the said tycoon and Mahathir, however, the party members officially deny these connections.
  2. ↑ Known as the "Grand Old Party" of Malaysia, as most Malaysian political parties (PAS, PKR, PPBM) had origins from UMNO. However due to internal conflicts within the party, the original UMNO has been banned in 1988 by court order. The current UMNO was then registered as UMNO 'baru' at the same year.
  3. ↑ Student movements in Malaysia are mostly consisting of left-wing nationalists and populists, which traced its roots in the 1930s and reached its prominence since 1967. After the controversial amendment on the Universities and College Universities act in 1975 which curbs students' freedom and rights and also draconian in nature, student movements in Malaysia were declining until its re-emergence in the late 1990s due to the Reformasi movement.
  4. ↑ Prior to the Baling protests, the Communists under the disguise of "Young Socialists" had infiltrated the University of Malaya Chinese Language Society (UMCLS) in 1971 and communist links to the UMCLS was confirmed on Oct 14 1973 when security forces shot dead a communist terrorist near Tanah Hitam, Chemor in Perak and found a work report by a senior student underground movement leader to his superiors on the activities conducted by the UMCLS. UMCLS manipulation of the University of Malaya Students Union (UMSU) led to the Baling protests (later evolved into riots) in 1974
  5. ↑ Despite Melaka being an Islamic sultanate, Sultan Abu Syahid Shah was a practising Hindu as he took a Hindu title represented a traditionalist reaction in Malacca against Islam, the new religion.
  6. ↑ Raja Kecil was the first sultan of the Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura and claimed to be the illegitimate son of Sultan Mahmud Shah II
  7. ↑ Sultan Ali Shah was installed as Sultan of Terengganu by the Japanese Military Administration instead via the Dewan Pangkuan Diraja (Privy Council) which is against the Undang-undang Bagi Diri Kerajaan Terengganu, the state constitution, which he was later recognized by Plaek Phibulsongkram as Sultan of Terengganu during the Thai occupation of Terengganu. After WW2, he was forced to abdicate after his enthronement as Sultan of Terengganu was unconstitutional due to aforementioned reason.
  8. ↑ Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Halim Shah II did not reign between 1821-1842 due to Siamese Invasion of Kedah which ended with Siamese victory
  9. ↑ Currently the only Yang Di-Pertuan Agong to serve two terms in rotation system
  10. ↑ Nicknamed "Nobita" (from a Japanese manga series Doraemon) by then opposition Barisan Nasional in Parliamentary session due to his resemblance in hairstyle and glasses.
  11. ↑ Bung Mokhtar was corrupt, apart from his controversial remarks which inlude [praising Hitler https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-28227713], sexist remarks and vulgarity in Parliament
  12. ↑ Due to Ibrahim Ali's frequent party-hopping during his tenure as Parliamentary member, he was later known as the "King of Frogs" (Raja Katak) by opponents

Notes

<notes />


zh:政治组织与运动列表/政党/马来西亚

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