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Anarchism, also known as Anarchy, Anarchy without Adjectives or Mother Anarchy, is an ideology inhabiting the bottom of the political compass that advocates for a society without rulers or constituted authority, with a focus on the notion of freedom. One universal and defining aspect of anarchism is opposition to "the state" and centralized bureaucratic governance which they consider to be unjust.

Apart from this defining principle however, anarchists tend to diverge on several key issues (mostly regarding the organization of revolutionary struggle, the subject of anarchist critique and economic issues). Many Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination left-wing anarchists consider anarchism to be in stark opposition and contrast to all vertically organized institutions (or all hierarchical institutions, basically) which manifests in various forms (Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination opposition to the capitalist mode of production, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination opposition to patriarchal hierarchy, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination opposition to anthropocentric hierarchy, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination opposition to heteronormative hierarchy etc.) and support left-wing notions of freedom such as sexual liberation and class liberation whereas Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination right-wing anarchists consider anarchism to simply be the ultimate negation of the state and and bureaucracy and support certain right-wing notions of freedom such as Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination free trade and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination freedom of the community and its culture from foreign influence. There are also Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination individualist anarchists who believe anarchism to believe the ideology which places the liberation of the individual as its central focus and supports ideas such as self-sufficiency (although this type of rhetoric is common on both the left and right of anarchism with most individualist anarchists, who do not believe in either left-wing or right-wing beliefs, associating with Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination post-left anarchism or Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination egoist anarchism). Ultimately, the definition of anarchism is quite loose and can be used within several contexts, which is why it is have been synthesized with most mainstream and esoteric ideologies.

She is the mother of countless anarchist ideologies and is known to love all of her children except for some failed children. Unlike most other balls, whose gender is undefined, Anarchism is always female and wears a grey bow, as a reference to the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Russo-Ukrainian anarchist song, Анархия-мама Сынов Своих Любит (Eng: Mother Anarchy Loves Her Sons).[1]

History

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Proto-Anarchism

The etymological roots of anarchism come from Ancient Greek (as with several political vocabulary) and roughly translate to "without rulers" and has existed in the English language since 1642. Yet despite this and the fact that Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was the first to call himself an anarchist, many scholars like to envision earlier philosophies as being a sort of "proto-anarchism".

Some such as Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Harold Barclay and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination David Graeber claim that before the existence of society, all humans lived in a state of anarchy (a state that would later be envisioned by Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination anarcho-primitivists). The ancient philosophies of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Taoist sages such as Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Lao Tzu and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Zhuang Zhou as well as the Greek philosophies of the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Cynics and the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Stoics have often been portrayed as anarchic by certain scholars. Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Aristippus, one of the pupils of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Socrates can also be considered one of the forerunners of anarchist thought due to his beliefs about rule and autonomy.

During the Middle Ages, various theological strains of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Islam and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Christianity developed that had anarchistic qualities such as the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Mu'tazilite and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Kharijites in Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Persia (who are considered by historian Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination David Goodway to be a part of the historical anarchist tradition) and anticlerical movements such as the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Brethren of the Free Spirit and proto-Protestants such as the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Hussites. Historian Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination James Joll describes this as the rise of a strand of anarchism based in the theological, zealotic and ascetic critique of institutions.

The early modern era in Europe saw the development of both secular anti-authoritarian thought as well as the divergence of anti-authoritarian theology within Christianity as part of the greater Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Renaissance and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Reformation respectively. Several French thinkers used the concept of 'utopia' to bypass censorship and project their libertine political views, examples include Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination François Rabelais, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Gabriel de Foigny and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination François Fénelon. During the English Civil War, Diggers such as Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Gerrard Winstanley would develop a proto-communalistic view of society preaching values such as absolute egalitarianism, communal ownership of property and socioeconomic organization in small agrarian communities based on the Bible. Alongside this religious egalitarianism, more libertarian philosophers such as Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Jean-Jacques Rousseau would go on to develop understandings of freedom and equality that would strongly resonate with later anarchists.

WIP

The start of the Anarchist Theory

Anarchism has been used as a term a long time ago, and used to mean simply "without rulers", deriving from the greek word ἀναρχος (anarkhos), with great emphasis on its use during the French Revolution by Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Robespierre to disqualify more radical groups like the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination enragés, a group which inspired Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Socialism as a whole, but the term had mostly a negative connotation. The ideology took shape after Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Pierre-Joseph Proudhon self proclaimed himself as an anarchist formally, and because of the word's ambiguity, based his theory on organizing a society based on Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Anti-Authoritarianism and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Socialism, and although he had differences with Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination later Anarchists ideologies (a lot because of his emphasis on Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Market Socialism and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination individualism), still he laid the basic foundations of Anarchism. During the XVII century, different branches truly developed even more the ideology, to the way we're accustomed to in the Modern Age, Anarchism took two different paths, a more Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Marxist analysis, with notable names like Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Mikhail Bakunin and the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Anarcho-Collectivism, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Piotr Kropotkin and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Errico Malatesta with Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Anarcho-Communism and the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Social Anarchism umbrella term, for the more collectively minded anarchists ideologies, in contrast with the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination individually minded anarchists such as Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Benjamin Tucker and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Lysander Spooner, marking as well economical differences, between Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Left-Wing Market Anarchism, or Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Mutualism and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Gift Economy, and sparkling the first forms of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Right-Anarchism in the end of the century, inspired by Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Austrian School, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Chicago School and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Libertarianism in general, as infamously Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Anarcho-Capitalism.

Anarchist Actions History

Anti-Capitalist or Not?

The first individuals to describe themselves as Anarchists without adjectives were thoroughly anti-capitalist, with Anarchist without Adjectives Voltairine de Cleyre saying in 1907:

The hells of capitalism create the desperate; the desperate act - desperately!

Malatesta, Errico, "Towards Anarchy" in: Turcato, Davide (ed.) 2014, "The Method of Freedom, AK Press, pp. 299


But it's important to take into consideration the meaning of the terms employed. Voltairine, after all, also said:

(Anarchists) are firm in the idea that the system of employer and employed, buying and selling, banking, and all the other essential institutions of Commercialism, centred upon private property, are in themselves good, and are rendered vicious merely by the interference of the State.

Voltairine de Cleyre, Anarchism. Originally published in Free Society, 13 October 1901. Published in Exquisite Rebel: The Essays of Voltairine de Cleyre, edited by Sharon Presley, SUNY Press 2005, p. 224.


However historical context is necessary, as these statements predate modern Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Anarcho-Capitalism, and with modern Anarchists without adjectives such as Fred Woodworth instead saying:

I have no prefix or adjective for my anarchism. I think syndicalism can work, as can free-market anarcho-capitalism, anarcho-communism, even anarcho-hermits, depending on the situation.

Fred Woodworth, An essay by Fred Woodworth in Avrich, Paul (2006). Anarchist Voices. Stirling: AK Press. p. 475.


Personality and Behaviour

Anarchy is a mother and therefore portrays quite motherly traits within the comics, but because she is anarchist, she can be quite lax in her parenting.

How to Draw

Flag of Anarchism
  1. Draw a ball,
  2. Fill it with dark, but not pure, black,
  3. Draw a white circle with an 'A' in the middle,
  4. Add a grey bow to the top,
  5. Add the eyes, and you're done!
Color Name HEX RGB
Black #202020 32, 32, 32
White #FFFFFF 255, 255, 255
Grey #434343 67, 67, 67


International Relations

Since world doesn't have any Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination worldwide government, many theorists of international relations studies use the word anarchy to describe the order of the international system—independent states with no central authority above them. On this foundation was developed 4 schools of thought: Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Realism, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Neorealism, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Liberalism, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Neoliberalism.

Relationships

Friendly (literally every anarchist)

Frenemies

Statists

Further Information

Literature

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Wikipedia

Videos

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination YouTube Channels

Online Communities

International Organizations

Gallery


Navigation

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