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{{Ideology | {{Ideology | ||
|themecolor=#ffdb28 | |themecolor=#ffdb28 | ||
|textcolor=# | |textcolor=#141414 | ||
|title=[[File:Clib.png]] Classical Liberalism | |title=[[File:Clib.png]] '''Classical Liberalism''' | ||
|image=575768467.png | |image=575768467.png | ||
|aliases={{Collapse| | |aliases={{Collapse| | ||
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
[[File:OldLib.png]] Old Liberalism<br> | [[File:OldLib.png]] Old Liberalism<br> | ||
[[File:Tradlib.png]] Traditional Liberalism<br> | [[File:Tradlib.png]] Traditional Liberalism<br> | ||
[[File:Cball-EU.png]] European Liberalism<br> | |||
[[File:QuasiBert.png]] Quasi-Libertarianism<br> | [[File:QuasiBert.png]] Quasi-Libertarianism<br> | ||
[[File:Marklib.png]] Market Liberalism<br> | [[File:Marklib.png]] Market Liberalism<br> | ||
| Line 39: | Line 40: | ||
[[File:Plutocrat.png]] Bourgeois thinking (By [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[:Category:Socialists|leftist]] ideologies)<br> | [[File:Plutocrat.png]] Bourgeois thinking (By [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[:Category:Socialists|leftist]] ideologies)<br> | ||
[[File:Libfash.png]] Fascist Symphatizer (Accused by [[File:Antifash.png]] Anti-Fascism)<br> | [[File:Libfash.png]] Fascist Symphatizer (Accused by [[File:Antifash.png]] Anti-Fascism)<br> | ||
Proto-Fusionism ([[File:JohnLocke.png]] Lockeanism)<br> | |||
}} | }} | ||
|alignments= | |alignments= | ||
| Line 47: | Line 48: | ||
[[File:Lib.png]] [[:Category:Liberals|Liberals]]<br> | [[File:Lib.png]] [[:Category:Liberals|Liberals]]<br> | ||
[[File:Cultcenter.png]] [[:Category:Cultural Center|Culturally Variable]]<br> | [[File:Cultcenter.png]] [[:Category:Cultural Center|Culturally Variable]]<br> | ||
[[File:R-lib.png]] [[Right-Liberalism (Disambiguation)|RightLib]] Gang | [[File:R-lib.png]] [[Right-Liberalism (Disambiguation)|RightLib]] Gang<br> | ||
'''Variants'''{{Collapse| | '''Variants'''{{Collapse| | ||
[[File:Cright.png]] [[:Category:Centrists|Center]][[:Category:Right_Unity|-Right]] ([[File:Garfield.png]] James Garfield Thought)<br> | [[File:Cright.png]] [[:Category:Centrists|Center]][[:Category:Right_Unity|-Right]] ([[File:Garfield.png]] James Garfield Thought)<br> | ||
[[File:Center-Libertarian_Right.png]] [[:Category:Centrists|Centre-]][[:Category:Libertarian Right|LibRight]] ([[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith Thought, [[File:Benito Juárez.png]] Benito Juárez Thought, [[File:Arthur.png]] Chester Arthur Thought, [[File:Maderism.png]] Maderism | [[File:Center-Libertarian_Right.png]] [[:Category:Centrists|Centre-]][[:Category:Libertarian Right|LibRight]] ([[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith Thought, [[File:Benito Juárez.png]] Benito Juárez Thought, [[File:Arthur.png]] Chester Arthur Thought, [[File:Maderism.png]] Maderism)<br> | ||
[[File:Rfrm.png]] [[:Category:Cultural Center|Culturally Center]][[:Category:Culturally Left|-Left]] ([[File:Benito Juárez.png]] Benito Juárez Thought, [[File:Arthur.png]] Chester Arthur Thought, [[File:FDP.png]] FDPism)<br> | [[File:Rfrm.png]] [[:Category:Cultural Center|Culturally Center]][[:Category:Culturally Left|-Left]] ([[File:Benito Juárez.png]] Benito Juárez Thought, [[File:Arthur.png]] Chester Arthur Thought, [[File:FDP.png]] FDPism)<br> | ||
[[File:ModTrad.png]] [[:Category:Cultural Center|Culturally Center]][[:Category:Culturally Right|-Right]] ([[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith Thought, [[File:Garfield.png]] James Garfield Thought, [[File:JohnLocke.png]] Lockeanism | [[File:ModTrad.png]] [[:Category:Cultural Center|Culturally Center]][[:Category:Culturally Right|-Right]] ([[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith Thought, [[File:Garfield.png]] James Garfield Thought, [[File:JohnLocke.png]] Lockeanism)<br> | ||
[[File:Trad.png]] [[:Category:Culturally Right|Culturally Right]] ([[File:BourbonDem.png]] Bourbon Democratism) | |||
}} | }} | ||
|influences= | |influences= | ||
[[File:anticommunism.png]] {{PCBA|Anti-Communism}} (Since 19th century)<br> | [[File:anticommunism.png]] {{PCBA|Anti-Communism}} (Since 19th century)<br> | ||
[[File:Trustbust.png]] Anti-Corporatocracy<br> | [[File:Trustbust.png]] Anti-Corporatocracy<br> | ||
[[File:antifeud.png]] Anti-Feudalism<br> | |||
[[File:Arist.png]] [[Aristocracy]] (According to some)<ref>"On Power: The Natural History of its Growth", ch. 17, by Bertrand de Jouvenel</ref><ref>Liberty or Equality by Erik von KuehneltLeddihn</ref><br> | [[File:Arist.png]] [[Aristocracy]] (According to some)<ref>"On Power: The Natural History of its Growth", ch. 17, by Bertrand de Jouvenel</ref><ref>Liberty or Equality by Erik von KuehneltLeddihn</ref><br> | ||
[[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism]]<br> | [[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism]]<br> | ||
[[File: | [[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]]<br> | ||
[[File:Natural Law.png]] {{PCBA|Natural Law Theory}}<br> | [[File:Natural Law.png]] {{PCBA|Natural Law Theory}}<br> | ||
[[File:Neoclassical.png]] [[Chicago School|Neo-Classical Economics]] (Since 19th century)<br> | [[File:Neoclassical.png]] [[Chicago School|Neo-Classical Economics]] (Since 19th century)<br> | ||
| Line 76: | Line 71: | ||
**[[File:Abolitionism.png]] [[Abolitionism]] | **[[File:Abolitionism.png]] [[Abolitionism]] | ||
**[[File:Anti-Racism.png]] {{PCBA|Anti-Racism}} | **[[File:Anti-Racism.png]] {{PCBA|Anti-Racism}} | ||
**[[File:Antiimp.png]] {{PCBA|Anti-Imperialism}} | **[[File:Antiimp.png]] {{PCBA|Anti-Imperialism}} (accused) | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]] | ||
**[[File:Soccap.png]] [[Social Capitalism]] | **[[File:Soccap.png]] [[Social Capitalism]] | ||
**[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism]] | **[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism]] | ||
| Line 90: | Line 85: | ||
**[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism]] | **[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism]] | ||
**[[File:Empiricism.png]] Empiricism | **[[File:Empiricism.png]] Empiricism | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]] | ||
**[[File:ReligiousHumanism.png]] [[Humanism|Religious Humanism]] | **[[File:ReligiousHumanism.png]] [[Humanism|Religious Humanism]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
|regional = | |regional = | ||
*[[File:Enlightenment.png]] '''Benjamin Franklin Thought''' {{Collapse| | |||
**[[File:Abolitionism.png]] [[Abolitionism]] | |||
**[[File:AntiRacism.png]] {{PCBA|Anti-Racism}} | |||
**[[File:ChristLib.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Christian Liberalism]] | |||
**[[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism]] | |||
**[[File:Deist.png]] {{PCBA|Deist Theocracy|Deism}} | |||
**[[File:Dem.png]] [[Democracy]] | |||
**[[File:Equality.png]] {{PCBA|Egalitarianism}} | |||
**[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]] | |||
**[[File:Evangelical.png]] [[Protestant Theocracy|Evangelicalism]] | |||
**[[File:Moder.png]] [[Moderatism]] (previously) | |||
**[[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy]] | |||
**[[File:Puritan.png]] [[Protestant Theocracy|Puritanism]] | |||
**[[File:Republicanismpix.png]] [[Republicanism]] | |||
**[[File:Scientocracy Small.png]] [[Scientocracy]] | |||
**[[File:Sep.png]] [[Separatism]] (later) | |||
**[[File:Socrates.png]] [[mh:philosophyball:Socratism|Socratism]] | |||
**[[File:Utility.png]] [[Radicalism|Utilitarianism]] | |||
**[[File:Envi.png]] [[Environmentalism|Vegetarianism]] | |||
}} | |||
*[[File:BourbonDem.png]] '''Bourbon Democratism''' {{Collapse| | *[[File:BourbonDem.png]] '''Bourbon Democratism''' {{Collapse| | ||
**[[File:Anti-Corrupt.png]] Anti-Corruption | **[[File:Anti-Corrupt.png]] Anti-Corruption | ||
| Line 127: | Line 142: | ||
**[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism]] | **[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism]] | ||
**[[File:Orlib.png]] [[Ordo-Liberalism]] | **[[File:Orlib.png]] [[Ordo-Liberalism]] | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Progcon.png]] [[Progressive Conservatism]] | ||
**[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]] | **[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]] | ||
**[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]] | **[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]] | ||
| Line 173: | Line 188: | ||
**[[File:Liberal Democracy.png]] [[Liberalism|Liberal Democracy]] | **[[File:Liberal Democracy.png]] [[Liberalism|Liberal Democracy]] | ||
**[[File:Moder.png]] [[Moderatism]] | **[[File:Moder.png]] [[Moderatism]] | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Progcon.png]] [[Progressive Conservatism]] | ||
**[[File:Secular.png]] [[Secularism]] | **[[File:Secular.png]] [[Secularism]] | ||
**[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]] | **[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]] | ||
| Line 179: | Line 194: | ||
*[[File:Kostka.png]] '''Stanisław Kostka Potocki Thought''' {{Collapse| | *[[File:Kostka.png]] '''Stanisław Kostka Potocki Thought''' {{Collapse| | ||
**[[File:CapAnti_Clerical.png]] [[Secularism|Anti-Clericalism]] | **[[File:CapAnti_Clerical.png]] [[Secularism|Anti-Clericalism]] | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]] | ||
**[[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism]] | **[[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism]] | ||
**[[File:Reform.png]] [[Reformism]] | **[[File:Reform.png]] [[Reformism]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:ConClib.png]] '''Whiggism''' {{Collapse| | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Anti-Catholic.png]] Anti-Catholicism | ||
**[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism]] | |||
**[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism]] | |||
**[[File: | |||
**[[File: | |||
**[[File:Moder.png]] [[Moderatism]] | **[[File:Moder.png]] [[Moderatism]] | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Parl.png]] [[Parliamentarianism]] | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:ProtTheo.png]] [[Protestant Theocracy|Protestantism]] | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Roundhead.png]] [[Parliamentarianism|Roundheadism]] | ||
**[[File: | **[[File:Cball-Oranje.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Williamism]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
|influenced={{ | |influenced= | ||
{{ScrollBox| | |||
[[File:AmericanModel.png]] [[American Model]]<br> | [[File:AmericanModel.png]] [[American Model]]<br> | ||
[[File:Bernier.png]] [[National Libertarianism#Bernierism|Bernierism]]<br> | [[File:Bernier.png]] [[National Libertarianism#Bernierism|Bernierism]]<br> | ||
| Line 239: | Line 248: | ||
[[File:Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism]]<br> | [[File:Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism]]<br> | ||
[[File:Feuillant.png]] [[Feuillantism]]<br> | [[File:Feuillant.png]] [[Feuillantism]]<br> | ||
[[File:Hcon.png]] [[ | [[File:Hcon.png]] [[Homoconservatism]] (Usually)<br> | ||
[[File:Steinval.png]] [[Steiner-Vallentyne School]]<br> | [[File:Steinval.png]] [[Steiner-Vallentyne School]]<br> | ||
[[File:NeoEnl.png]] [[Neo-Enlightenment]]<br> | [[File:NeoEnl.png]] [[Neo-Enlightenment]]<br> | ||
| Line 256: | Line 265: | ||
|dislikes=[[File:Abmon.png]] [[Absolute Monarchism|Tyrants!]] [[File:Monarcho-Fascism.png]]<br> | |dislikes=[[File:Abmon.png]] [[Absolute Monarchism|Tyrants!]] [[File:Monarcho-Fascism.png]]<br> | ||
[[File:Altl-hijack-clib.png]] [[Alt-Lite|Hijackers]] | [[File:Altl-hijack-clib.png]] [[Alt-Lite|Hijackers]] | ||
|song=[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZpVA7NPtMw The James Madison Song]<br>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nm-AWB8HP3E The Grover Cleveland Song]<br> | |song=[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGZgtHnqyEY The George Washington Song]<br> | ||
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fZpVA7NPtMw The James Madison Song]<br>[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nm-AWB8HP3E The Grover Cleveland Song]<br> | |||
[[File:Benito Juárez.png]] '''Benito Juárez Thought''' | [[File:Benito Juárez.png]] '''Benito Juárez Thought''' | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUJZvSRDuv0 Don Benito Juárez] | *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iUJZvSRDuv0 Don Benito Juárez] | ||
| Line 267: | Line 277: | ||
[[File:Maderism.png]] '''Maderism''' | [[File:Maderism.png]] '''Maderism''' | ||
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNjK9oyazgQ Farewell Francisco Madero] | *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNjK9oyazgQ Farewell Francisco Madero] | ||
|examples=*[[File:Cball-(NE)USA.png]] [[Federalism|Early]] [[Republicanism|United]] [[Constitutionalism|States of]] [[Presidentialism|America]] (1765-1829) | |examples=*[[File:Cball-(NE)USA.png]] [[Federalism|Early]] [[Republicanism|United]] [[Constitutionalism|States of]] [[Presidentialism|America]] (1765-1829) | ||
*[[File:Cball-Spanish Empire.png]] [[Liberalism|Constitution of Cadíz]] (1812-1814) | *[[File:Cball-Spanish Empire.png]] [[Liberalism|Constitution of Cadíz]] (1812-1814) | ||
*[[File:Cball-(VE)France.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|July Monarchy]] [[File:LouisPhilippeBall.png]] (1830-1848) | *[[File:Cball-(VE)France.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|July Monarchy]] [[File:LouisPhilippeBall.png]] (1830-1848) | ||
*[[File:Cball-(VE)US.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|United States of America]] (1881-1889, 1893-1897) | *[[File:Cball-(VE)US.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|United States of America]] (1881-1889, 1893-1897) | ||
*[[File:Cball-Switzerland.png]] [[Isolationism|Swiss Confederation (Switzerland)]] (1848-) | *[[File:Cball-Switzerland.png]] [[Isolationism|Swiss Confederation (Switzerland)]] (1848-) | ||
|theorists= | |theorists= | ||
[[File:Cball-US.png]] '''The United States''' {{Collapse| | [[File:Cball-US.png]] '''The United States''' {{Collapse| | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Benjamin Franklin]] (1706-1790) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|George Mason]] (1725-1792) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Washdem2.png]] [[ | *[[File:Washdem2.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|George Washington]] (1732-1799) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Jeffersondem2.png]] [[Jeffersonian Democracy|Thomas Jefferson]] (1743-1826) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Jeffersondem2.png]] [[Jeffersonian Democracy|Thomas Jefferson]] (1743-1826) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Madison.png]] [[Jeffersonian Democracy|James Madison]] (1751-1836) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Madison.png]] [[Jeffersonian Democracy|James Madison]] (1751-1836) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
| Line 292: | Line 292: | ||
*[[File:Garfield.png]] [[Meritocracy|James A. Garfield]] (1831-1881) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Garfield.png]] [[Meritocracy|James A. Garfield]] (1831-1881) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Cleveland.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Grover Cleveland]] (1837-1908) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Cleveland.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Grover Cleveland]] (1837-1908) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:HenryGeorge.png]] [[Georgism|Henry George]] (1839-1897) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Friedman.png]] [[Chicago School|Milton Friedman]] (1912-2006) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Friedman.png]] [[Chicago School|Milton Friedman]] (1912-2006) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Nozick.png]] [[Libertarianism|Robert Nozick]] (1938-2002) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Nozick.png]] [[Libertarianism|Robert Nozick]] (1938-2002) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Darwin.png]] [[Social Darwinism|Larry Arnhart]] (1949-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Darwin.png]] [[Social Darwinism|Larry Arnhart]] (1949-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Fukuyama.png]] [[Liberalism|Francis Fukuyama]] (1952-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | |||
*[[File:Bog.png]] [[Social Libertarianism|Peter Boghossian]] (1966-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Bog.png]] [[Social Libertarianism|Peter Boghossian]] (1966-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Hcon.png]] [[ | *[[File:Hcon.png]] [[Homoconservatism|Dave Rubin]] (1976-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Lindsay.png]] [[Alt-Lite|James Lindsay]] (1979-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | |||
*[[File:Amash.png]] [[Libertarian Conservatism|Justin Amash]] (1980-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Amash.png]] [[Libertarian Conservatism|Justin Amash]] (1980-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
*[[File:Altl-hijack-clib.png]] [[Alt-Lite|Just Some Guy]] (1982-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | *[[File:Altl-hijack-clib.png]] [[Alt-Lite|Just Some Guy]] (1982-) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA | ||
| Line 311: | Line 313: | ||
*[[File:Mediocracy.png]] [[Mediocracy|Thomas Pelham-Holles]] (1693-1768) [[File:Cball-England.png]] England | *[[File:Mediocracy.png]] [[Mediocracy|Thomas Pelham-Holles]] (1693-1768) [[File:Cball-England.png]] England | ||
*[[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Henry Pelham]] (1694-1754) [[File:Cball-England.png]] England | *[[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Henry Pelham]] (1694-1754) [[File:Cball-England.png]] England | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:DavidHume.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|David Hume]] (1711-1776) [[File:Cball-Scotland.png]] Scotland | ||
*[[File:Mediocracy.png]] [[Mediocracy|William Cavendish]] (1720-1764) [[File:Cball-GB.png]] Great Britain | *[[File:Mediocracy.png]] [[Mediocracy|William Cavendish]] (1720-1764) [[File:Cball-GB.png]] Great Britain | ||
*[[File:AdamSmith.png]] [[Capitalism|Adam Smith]] (1723-1790) [[File:Cball-Scotland.png]] Scotland | *[[File:AdamSmith.png]] [[Capitalism|Adam Smith]] (1723-1790) [[File:Cball-Scotland.png]] Scotland | ||
*[[File:Radlib.png]] [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] (1737–1809) [[File:Cball-GB.png]] Great Britain | *[[File:Radlib.png]] [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] (1737–1809) [[File:Cball-GB.png]] Great Britain | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Bentham.png]] [[Radicalism|Jeremy Bentham]] (1748–1832) [[File:Cball-GB.png]] Great Britain | ||
*[[File:Ricardosoc.png]] [[Ricardian Socialism|David Ricardo]] (1772–1823) [[File:Cball-GB.png]] Great Britain | *[[File:Ricardosoc.png]] [[Ricardian Socialism|David Ricardo]] (1772–1823) [[File:Cball-GB.png]] Great Britain | ||
*[[File:Mill.png]] [[Civil Libertarianism|John Stuart Mill]] (1806-1873) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | *[[File:Mill.png]] [[Civil Libertarianism|John Stuart Mill]] (1806-1873) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | ||
*[[File:Classlib.png]] [[Capitalism|William Ewart Gladstone]] (1809-1898) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | *[[File:Classlib.png]] [[Capitalism|William Ewart Gladstone]] (1809-1898) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | ||
*[[File:SpencerDar.png]] [[Social Darwinism|Herbert Spencer]] (1820-1903) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | *[[File:SpencerDar.png]] [[Social Darwinism|Herbert Spencer]] (1820-1903) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Steven Pinker]] (1954-) [[File:Cball-Canada.png]] Canada | ||
*[[File:Petersonism.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Jordan Peterson]] (1962-) [[File:Cball-Canada.png]] Canada | *[[File:Petersonism.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Jordan Peterson]] (1962-) [[File:Cball-Canada.png]] Canada | ||
*[[File:OrangeBookLib.png]] [[Neoliberalism|David Laws]] (1965-) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | *[[File:OrangeBookLib.png]] [[Neoliberalism|David Laws]] (1965-) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | ||
| Line 329: | Line 331: | ||
*[[File:Liberaltarianism2-icon.png]] [[Liberaltarianism|Rose of Dawn]] (1989-) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | *[[File:Liberaltarianism2-icon.png]] [[Liberaltarianism|Rose of Dawn]] (1989-) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | ||
*[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Devon Del Vecchio]] (1991-) [[File:Cball-Canada.png]] Canada | *[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism|Devon Del Vecchio]] (1991-) [[File:Cball-Canada.png]] Canada | ||
*[[File:Davidson.png]] [[ | *[[File:Davidson.png]] [[Homoconservatism|Dehenna Davison]] (1993-) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK | ||
}} | }} | ||
[[File:Cball-EU.png]] '''Europe''' {{Collapse| | [[File:Cball-EU.png]] '''Europe''' {{Collapse| | ||
*[[File:Humanismpix.png]] [[Humanism|Hugo Grotius]] (1583-1645) [[File:Cball-Netherlands.png]] Netherlands | *[[File:Humanismpix.png]] [[Humanism|Hugo Grotius]] (1583-1645) [[File:Cball-Netherlands.png]] Netherlands | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Baron de Montesquieu]] (1689-1755) [[File:Cball-France.png]] France | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Voltaire]] (1694–1778) [[File:Cball-France.png]] France | ||
*[[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1712–1778) [[File:Cball-Switzerland.png]] Switzerland | *[[File:Rousseau.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Jean-Jacques Rousseau]] (1712–1778) [[File:Cball-Switzerland.png]] Switzerland | ||
*[[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Anne Robert Jacques Turgot]] (1727-1781) [[File:Cball-France.png]] France | *[[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Anne Robert Jacques Turgot]] (1727-1781) [[File:Cball-France.png]] France | ||
*[[File:Burke.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Edmund Burke]] (1729-1797) [[File:Cball-Ireland.png]] Ireland | *[[File:Burke.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Edmund Burke]] (1729-1797) [[File:Cball-Ireland.png]] Ireland | ||
*[[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|Anders Chydenius]] (1729–1803) [[File:Cball-Sweden.png]] Sweden | *[[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|Anders Chydenius]] (1729–1803) [[File:Cball-Sweden.png]] Sweden | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Cesare Beccaria]] (1738-1794) [[File:Cball-Italy.png]] Italy | ||
*[[File:Econlib.png]] [[Capitalism|Marquis de Condorcet]] (1743-1794) [[File:Cball-France.png]] France | *[[File:Econlib.png]] [[Capitalism|Marquis de Condorcet]] (1743-1794) [[File:Cball-France.png]] France | ||
*[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Diego Muñoz Torrera]] (1761-1829) [[File:Cball-Spanish Empire.png]] Spanish Empire | *[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Diego Muñoz Torrera]] (1761-1829) [[File:Cball-Spanish Empire.png]] Spanish Empire | ||
*[[File:MonLib.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Benjamin Constant]] (1767-1830) [[File:Cball-Switzerland.png]] Old Swiss Confederacy/[[File:Cball-France.png]] France | *[[File:MonLib.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Benjamin Constant]] (1767-1830) [[File:Cball-Switzerland.png]] Old Swiss Confederacy/[[File:Cball-France.png]] France | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Wilhelm von Humboldt]] (1767-1835) [[File:Cball-Prussia.png]] Kingdom of Prussia | ||
*[[File:Decembrist.png]] [[Stratocracy|Pavel Pestel]] (1793-1826) [[File:Cball-Russia.png]] Russia | *[[File:Decembrist.png]] [[Stratocracy|Pavel Pestel]] (1793-1826) [[File:Cball-Russia.png]] Russia | ||
*[[File:Decembrist.png]] [[Stratocracy|Kondraty Ryleyev]] (1795-1826) [[File:Cball-Russia.png]] Russia | *[[File:Decembrist.png]] [[Stratocracy|Kondraty Ryleyev]] (1795-1826) [[File:Cball-Russia.png]] Russia | ||
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}} | }} | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Classical Liberalism''' is an economically [[ | '''Classical Liberalism''' is an economically [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|center-right]] to [[Austrian School|far-right]], [[File:Libright-yellow.png]] [[:Category:Libertarian_Right|mildly to moderately libertarian]], and [[File:Cultcenter.png]] [[:Category:Cultural_Center|culturally variable]] ideology. | ||
He was conceived some time in the early 18th century as a child of the [[File: | He was conceived some time in the early 18th century as a child of the [[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Enlightenment]]. He used to believe that people had an inherent right to their "Life, Liberty and Property" though he later amended that to "Life, Liberty and The Pursuit of Happiness". | ||
Classical Liberalism hatched the idea, partly inspired by the French [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Physiocrats]] and their concept of laissez-faire, that individual freedom and a free market would result in a balanced economical equilibrium - as long as monopolies were not allowed to develop and destroy competitiveness. He viewed free trade as a path to universal peace and prosperity. He also often strongly opposed landed aristocracy, struggling against [[File:Monarch.png]] [[Monarchism|Monarchist]] and [[File:React.png]] [[Reactionaryism|Reactionary]] tendencies. | Classical Liberalism hatched the idea, partly inspired by the French [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Physiocrats]] and their concept of laissez-faire, that individual freedom and a free market would result in a balanced economical equilibrium - as long as monopolies were not allowed to develop and destroy competitiveness. He viewed free trade as a path to universal peace and prosperity. He also often strongly opposed landed aristocracy, struggling against [[File:Monarch.png]] [[Monarchism|Monarchist]] and [[File:React.png]] [[Reactionaryism|Reactionary]] tendencies. | ||
| Line 392: | Line 394: | ||
Some time in the early 20th century ClassLib became the father of [[File:Lib.png]] [[Liberalism]], who managed to then make the Liberal Dynasty into what it is today; with his other offspring, [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism]] and [[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism]] taking on more fringe positions. | Some time in the early 20th century ClassLib became the father of [[File:Lib.png]] [[Liberalism]], who managed to then make the Liberal Dynasty into what it is today; with his other offspring, [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism]] and [[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism]] taking on more fringe positions. | ||
== History == | ==History== | ||
=== Origins === | ===Origins=== | ||
Historically the philosophy of classical liberalism has a set of factors which have contributed to its creation and development; the most prominent of these factors include the individualistic attitudes and beliefs of especially the protestant [[File:Christy.png]] [[Christian Theocracy|Christian faith]], opposition to [[File:Sec.png]] [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] social contract theories which put the state or law as the source of ethics as opposed to the other way around, as well as the rise of international trade and [[File:Indust.png]] [[Industrialism|industrialisation]]. | Historically the philosophy of classical liberalism has a set of factors which have contributed to its creation and development; the most prominent of these factors include the individualistic attitudes and beliefs of especially the protestant [[File:Christy.png]] [[Christian Theocracy|Christian faith]], opposition to [[File:Sec.png]] [[Authoritarianism|authoritarian]] social contract theories which put the state or law as the source of ethics as opposed to the other way around, as well as the rise of international trade and [[File:Indust.png]] [[Industrialism|industrialisation]]. | ||
The foundation of classical liberal philosophy is generally attributed to the English philosopher [[File:JohnLocke.png]] John Locke<ref>Steven M. Dworetz (1994). ''The Unvarnished Doctrine: Locke, Liberalism, and the American Revolution''.</ref> and his "Two Treatises of Government" (1689) - while the arguably equally important and intrinsically linked classical economy is based on [[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith's "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations" (1776). | The foundation of classical liberal philosophy is generally attributed to the English philosopher [[File:JohnLocke.png]] John Locke<ref>Steven M. Dworetz (1994). ''The Unvarnished Doctrine: Locke, Liberalism, and the American Revolution''.</ref> and his "Two Treatises of Government" (1689) - while the arguably equally important and intrinsically linked classical economy is based on [[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith's "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations" (1776). | ||
Throughout the history of liberal thought, there's been competing branches, ranging from what could be called [[File:ConClib.png]] "[[Conservative Liberalism|traditionalism]]" [[File:Tradlib.png]] to [[File:Radlib.png]] "[[radicalism]]" [[File:Synthesis Market Anarchism.png]]. Thinkers such as John Locke and [[File: | Throughout the history of liberal thought, there's been competing branches, ranging from what could be called [[File:ConClib.png]] "[[Conservative Liberalism|traditionalism]]" [[File:Tradlib.png]] to [[File:Radlib.png]] "[[radicalism]]" [[File:Synthesis Market Anarchism.png]]. Thinkers such as John Locke and [[File:DavidHume.png]] David Hume may be considered relatively traditionalist, while thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Thomas Paine were much more radical in their concepts of liberty. Even Adam Smith may be considered relatively radical in his approach to certain things such as aristocracy and monopoly power, perceiving that markets could fail if natural monopolies were allowed to form. | ||
=== Development and decline === | ===Development and decline=== | ||
The United States Constitution was firmly cemented in a liberal philosophy, and the later 19th century success of liberal policies, free trade, etc. in Western Europe and the United States contributed to a massive growth in productivity and exchange. | The United States Constitution was firmly cemented in a liberal philosophy, and the later 19th century success of liberal policies, free trade, etc. in Western Europe and the United States contributed to a massive growth in productivity and exchange. | ||
Later thinkers such as Jeremy Bentham and J.S. Mill would introduce a utilitarian liberal approach which could be considered a part of a more left-wing branch, at least relatively, being also concerned with inequality resulting from the failures of markets in certain situations. This would eventually give rise to [[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]]. | Later thinkers such as [[File:Bentham.png]] Jeremy Bentham and [[File:Mill.png]] J.S. Mill would introduce a utilitarian liberal approach which could be considered a part of a more left-wing branch, at least relatively, being also concerned with inequality resulting from the failures of markets in certain situations. This would eventually give rise to [[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]]. | ||
Towards the 20th century, there was still a marked division within the liberal ideology, and political radicals such as David Lloyd George in the UK were at odds with more traditionalist liberals as he passed the People's Budget which provided hitherto unprecedented welfare and sought to impose taxes on the wealthy, especially the landed aristocracy. | Towards the 20th century, there was still a marked division within the liberal ideology, and political radicals such as David Lloyd George in the UK were at odds with more traditionalist liberals as he passed the People's Budget which provided hitherto unprecedented welfare and sought to impose taxes on the wealthy, especially the landed aristocracy. | ||
In the UK, the liberals would eventually be marginalised by the increasingly dominant dichotomy between [[File:Soc.png]] [[Socialism]] and [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]], with the Conservative Party taking on the mantle of [[File:Patcon.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism]] and the newly formed Labour Party wanting to drive social reforms even further than the Liberal Party. | In the UK, the liberals would eventually be marginalised by the increasingly dominant dichotomy between [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism]] and [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]], with the Conservative Party taking on the mantle of [[File:Patcon.png]] [[Paternalistic Conservatism]] and the newly formed Labour Party wanting to drive social reforms even further than the Liberal Party. | ||
=== [[File:ModernLib.png]] Modern Liberalism and its meaning === | ===[[File:ModernLib.png]] Modern Liberalism and its meaning=== | ||
In the US previous to the 1930s election, Democrats, such as [[File:Cleveland.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Grover Cleveland]], were Classical Liberals, thus the party was associated to (Classical) Liberalism and its members were regarded as Liberals. [[File:FDRismF.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Franklin D. Roosevelt]], however, despite representing a huge shift from this ideology, kept on identifying along with his followers as a "Liberal". That's why in The US, liberalism is more often used to refer to [[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]], while in other parts of the world liberalism kept a meaning closer to the original one of Classical Liberalism (though in Europe especially, political parties espousing the term "Liberal" are oftentimes mostly a mixed bag of [[File:Neoliberal-icon.png]] [[Neoliberalism|Neoliberal]], [[File:Necon.png]] [[Neoconservatism|Neoconservative]], [[File:Liberalconservative.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|Liberal Conservative]] and [[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]]). | In the US previous to the 1930s election, Democrats, such as [[File:Cleveland.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Grover Cleveland]], were Classical Liberals, thus the party was associated to (Classical) Liberalism and its members were regarded as Liberals. [[File:FDRismF.png]] [[Social Authoritarianism|Franklin D. Roosevelt]], however, despite representing a huge shift from this ideology, kept on identifying along with his followers as a "Liberal". That's why in The US, liberalism is more often used to refer to [[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]], while in other parts of the world liberalism kept a meaning closer to the original one of Classical Liberalism (though in Europe especially, political parties espousing the term "Liberal" are oftentimes mostly a mixed bag of [[File:Neoliberal-icon.png]] [[Neoliberalism|Neoliberal]], [[File:Necon.png]] [[Neoconservatism|Neoconservative]], [[File:Liberalconservative.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism|Liberal Conservative]] and [[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]]). | ||
=== Classical Liberalism and [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism]] === | ===Classical Liberalism and [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism]]=== | ||
Those who, in the US, used to identify as Liberals in the broader sense had to start calling themselves Classical Liberals, or Liberals in the Classical tradition, and later in the 40s they started using the term "Libertarianism" to refer to themselves, appropriating the term from [[File:Libsoc.png]] [[Libertarian Socialism|Libertarian Socialists]], to be differentiated from the Democratic party adherents; and with the passing of time and the radicalization of ideas, the meaning of the term [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism]] shifted from a synonym of Classical Liberalism to a more modern version of it, and usually more radical, but sometimes the terms are still used interchangeably, such as Milton Friedman who described himself sometimes as a Classical Liberal and sometimes as a Libertarian. | Those who, in the US, used to identify as Liberals in the broader sense had to start calling themselves Classical Liberals, or Liberals in the Classical tradition, and later in the 40s they started using the term "Libertarianism" to refer to themselves, appropriating the term from [[File:Libsoc.png]] [[Libertarian Socialism|Libertarian Socialists]], to be differentiated from the Democratic party adherents; and with the passing of time and the radicalization of ideas, the meaning of the term [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism]] shifted from a synonym of Classical Liberalism to a more modern version of it, and usually more radical, but sometimes the terms are still used interchangeably, such as Milton Friedman who described himself sometimes as a Classical Liberal and sometimes as a Libertarian. | ||
Some modern Libertarian anti-statists have started to (re)appropriate the term in order to make their vision of a society based purely on [[File:Property.png]] [[Propertarianism|property rights]] and the [[File:Lfree.png]] [[Capitalism|free market]] more legitimate, but some say that it bears little resemblance with the views of the original founders of Liberalism, who were far from being [[File:Ancapf.png]] [[Anarcho-Capitalism|Anarcho-Capitalists]], proposing instead something close to a [[File:Minarchist.png]] [[Minarchism|night-watchmen state]].<br> | Some modern Libertarian anti-statists have started to (re)appropriate the term in order to make their vision of a society based purely on [[File:Property.png]] [[Propertarianism|property rights]] and the [[File:Lfree.png]] [[Capitalism|free market]] more legitimate, but some say that it bears little resemblance with the views of the original founders of Liberalism, who were far from being [[File:Ancapf.png]] [[Anarcho-Capitalism|Anarcho-Capitalists]], proposing instead something close to a [[File:Minarchist.png]] [[Minarchism|night-watchmen state]].<br> | ||
However some Anarcho-Capitalists argue that during the 20th century one can identify a distinct [[File:Synthesis Market Anarchism.png]] radical wing within the Classical Liberal movement, referring to Classical Liberals such as Gustave de Molinari, [[File:SpencerDar.png]] [[Social Darwinism|Herbert Spencer]] and [[File:Volu.png]] [[Anarcho-Capitalism|Auberon Herbert]], thus calling themselves Classical Liberals (or rather Radical Classical Liberals) wouldn't be as far from the original meaning as it might seem at first. | However some Anarcho-Capitalists argue that during the 20th century one can identify a distinct [[File:Synthesis Market Anarchism.png]] radical wing within the Classical Liberal movement, referring to Classical Liberals such as Gustave de Molinari, [[File:SpencerDar.png]] [[Social Darwinism|Herbert Spencer]] and [[File:Volu.png]] [[Anarcho-Capitalism|Auberon Herbert]], thus calling themselves Classical Liberals (or rather Radical Classical Liberals) wouldn't be as far from the original meaning as it might seem at first. | ||
== Variants == | ==Variants== | ||
===[[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith Thought [[File:ASmith.png]] === | ===[[File:AdamSmith.png]] Adam Smith Thought [[File:ASmith.png]]=== | ||
Adam Smith was a Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer in the thinking of political economy and key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment. Also seen as "The Father of Economics" or "The Father of Capitalism", he wrote two classic works, The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. The latter, often abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work that treats economics as a comprehensive system and as an academic discipline. Smith refuses to explain the distribution of wealth and power in terms of God’s will and instead appeals to natural, political, social, economic and technological factors and the interactions between them. In his work, Smith introduced, among others, his theory of absolute advantage. | Adam Smith was a Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer in the thinking of political economy and key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment. Also seen as "The Father of Economics" or "The Father of Capitalism", he wrote two classic works, The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. The latter, often abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work that treats economics as a comprehensive system and as an academic discipline. Smith refuses to explain the distribution of wealth and power in terms of God’s will and instead appeals to natural, political, social, economic and technological factors and the interactions between them. In his work, Smith introduced, among others, his theory of absolute advantage. | ||
The Wealth of Nations was a precursor to the modern academic discipline of economics. In this and other works, Smith expounded how rational self-interest and competition can lead to economic prosperity. Smith was controversial in his own day and his general approach and writing style were often satirised by Tory writers in the moralising tradition of Hogarth and Swift, as a discussion at the University of Winchester suggests. In 2005, The Wealth of Nations was named among the 100 Best Scottish Books of all time. | The Wealth of Nations was a precursor to the modern academic discipline of economics. In this and other works, Smith expounded how rational self-interest and competition can lead to economic prosperity. Smith was controversial in his own day and his general approach and writing style were often satirised by Tory writers in the moralising tradition of Hogarth and Swift, as a discussion at the University of Winchester suggests. In 2005, The Wealth of Nations was named among the 100 Best Scottish Books of all time. | ||
In light of the arguments put forward by Smith and other economic theorists in Britain, academic belief in mercantilism began to decline in Britain in the late 18th century. During the Industrial Revolution, Britain embraced free trade and Smith's laissez-faire economics, and via the British Empire, used its power to spread a broadly liberal economic model around the world, characterised by open markets, and relatively barrier-free domestic and international trade. | In light of the arguments put forward by Smith and other economic theorists in Britain, academic belief in mercantilism began to decline in Britain in the late 18th century. During the Industrial Revolution, Britain embraced free trade and Smith's laissez-faire economics, and via the British Empire, used its power to spread a broadly liberal economic model around the world, characterised by open markets, and relatively barrier-free domestic and international trade. | ||
Smith has been commemorated in the UK on banknotes printed by two different banks; his portrait has appeared since 1981 on the £50 notes issued by the Clydesdale Bank in Scotland ,and in March 2007 Smith's image also appeared on the new series of £20 notes issued by the Bank of England, making him the first Scotsman to feature on an English banknote. | Smith has been commemorated in the UK on banknotes printed by two different banks; his portrait has appeared since 1981 on the £50 notes issued by the Clydesdale Bank in Scotland ,and in March 2007 Smith's image also appeared on the new series of £20 notes issued by the Bank of England, making him the first Scotsman to feature on an English banknote. | ||
=== [[File:BourbonDem.png]] Bourbon Democratism === | ===[[File:BourbonDem.png]] Bourbon Democratism=== | ||
The Bourbon Democrats were a faction in the [[File:Demcr.png]] Democratic Party during the late 19th century. They were never a formal group but were instead a collection of [[File:Demcr.png]] Democrat voters who coalesed around shared political goals. The term "Bourbon Demorcat" was actually a term created by their critics to describe their ideas as being old fashioned. Bourbon Democrats were supporters of [[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism]] and [[File:Lfree.png]] [[Capitalism|Laissez-Faire Capitalism]], while opposing bimetallism favoring the gold standard. They also supported [[File:Merit.png]] [[Meritocracy|Civil Service Reform]]. Bourbon Democrats supported the business interests of banks and railroads as well as the presidential candidacies of [[File:Anti-Corrupt.png]] [[Meritocracy|Samuel Tilden]] and [[File:Cleveland.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Grover Cleveland]]. The Bourbon Democrats ceased to be a force in American politics after [[File:Woodrow.png]] [[Bull Moose Progressivism|Woodrow Wilson]] was elected president in 1912 and named [[File:Lpop.png]] [[Left-Wing Populism|William Jennings Bryan]], a leading opponent of the Bourbon Democrats, as Secretary of State. | The Bourbon Democrats were a faction in the [[File:Demcr.png]] Democratic Party during the late 19th century. They were never a formal group but were instead a collection of [[File:Demcr.png]] Democrat voters who coalesed around shared political goals. The term "Bourbon Demorcat" was actually a term created by their critics to describe their ideas as being old fashioned. Bourbon Democrats were supporters of [[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism]] and [[File:Lfree.png]] [[Capitalism|Laissez-Faire Capitalism]], while opposing bimetallism favoring the gold standard. They also supported [[File:Merit.png]] [[Meritocracy|Civil Service Reform]]. Bourbon Democrats supported the business interests of banks and railroads as well as the presidential candidacies of [[File:Anti-Corrupt.png]] [[Meritocracy|Samuel Tilden]] and [[File:Cleveland.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism|Grover Cleveland]]. The Bourbon Democrats ceased to be a force in American politics after [[File:Woodrow.png]] [[Bull Moose Progressivism|Woodrow Wilson]] was elected president in 1912 and named [[File:Lpop.png]] [[Left-Wing Populism|William Jennings Bryan]], a leading opponent of the Bourbon Democrats, as Secretary of State. | ||
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===[[File:JohnLocke.png]] Lockeanism=== | ===[[File:JohnLocke.png]] Lockeanism=== | ||
=== [[File:Maderism.png]] Maderism === | ===[[File:Maderism.png]] Maderism=== | ||
Maderism is a political movement based on the ideology of Francisco I. Madero who seeked the resignation of the then President of [[File:Cball-Mexico.png|frameless]] Mexico [[File:PorfirioDíaz.png|frameless]] [[Authoritarian Capitalism|Porfirio Díaz]]. As a member of the upper-class Madero was able to acknowledge the systemic problems around Díaz's technocratic government. As a classical liberal from his time and taking inspiration from previous figures like [[File:Benito Juárez.png|frameless]] [[National Liberalism|Benito Juarez]] he valued the political participation of the citizens from all sectors of society, freedom of speech and assembly, restitution of land and the adoption of a liberal economy that would allow the population to participate without restrictions from Porfirian aristocracy. | Maderism is a political movement based on the ideology of Francisco I. Madero who seeked the resignation of the then President of [[File:Cball-Mexico.png|frameless]] Mexico [[File:PorfirioDíaz.png|frameless]] [[Authoritarian Capitalism|Porfirio Díaz]]. As a member of the upper-class Madero was able to acknowledge the systemic problems around Díaz's technocratic government. As a classical liberal from his time and taking inspiration from previous figures like [[File:Benito Juárez.png|frameless]] [[National Liberalism|Benito Juarez]] he valued the political participation of the citizens from all sectors of society, freedom of speech and assembly, restitution of land and the adoption of a liberal economy that would allow the population to participate without restrictions from Porfirian aristocracy. | ||
=== [[File:Benito Juárez.png]] Pensamiento Benito Juarez=== | ===[[File:Benito Juárez.png]] Pensamiento Benito Juarez=== | ||
== Personality == | ==Personality== | ||
*Sleepy & old | *Sleepy & old | ||
*Slight Scottish accent | *Slight Scottish accent | ||
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*Act as a gentleman | *Act as a gentleman | ||
== How to Draw == | ==How to Draw== | ||
{{Flag|Classlib_flag.svg}} | {{Flag|Classlib_flag.svg}} | ||
# Draw a ball with Eyes | # Draw a ball with Eyes | ||
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Original: [https://www.reddit.com/r/vexillology/comments/98lc33/flag_of_classical_liberalism/ Flag of Classical Liberalism : vexillology] | Original: [https://www.reddit.com/r/vexillology/comments/98lc33/flag_of_classical_liberalism/ Flag of Classical Liberalism : vexillology] | ||
{{Flag-auto | {{Flag-auto|c1=White | ||
|c1=White | |||
|h1=#FFFFFF | |h1=#FFFFFF | ||
|c2=Yellow | |c2=Yellow | ||
|h2=#FFDB28 | |h2=#FFDB28 | ||
|c3=Dark Blue | |c3=Dark Blue | ||
|h3=#39386E | |h3=#39386E}} | ||
}} | |||
== Relationships == | ==Relationships== | ||
=== Fellow Freedomites === | ===Fellow Freedomites=== | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]] - Thanks for helping me shape my worldview, dad! | ||
*[[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism]] - One of my major inspirations, I greatly admire him! | *[[File:Consti.png]] [[Constitutionalism]] - One of my major inspirations, I greatly admire him! | ||
*[[File:Lib.png]] [[Liberalism]] - I remember when you were a baby. You won't be as influential as me, but I hope that someday you'll prove me wrong. | *[[File:Lib.png]] [[Liberalism]] - I remember when you were a baby. You won't be as influential as me, but I hope that someday you'll prove me wrong. | ||
*[[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]] - | *[[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]] - We kicked [[File:Feud.png]] [[Feudalism|their ass]] together! | ||
*[[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism]] - Good ideas but I did also invent the idea of a social contract. | |||
*[[File: | |||
*[[File:Liberaltarianism.png]] [[Liberaltarianism]] - Oh boy... Well you do combine the best aspects of Social Liberalism and Libertarianism but you're kind of *ahem* ''inbred.'' | *[[File:Liberaltarianism.png]] [[Liberaltarianism]] - Oh boy... Well you do combine the best aspects of Social Liberalism and Libertarianism but you're kind of *ahem* ''inbred.'' | ||
*[[File:Georgist.png]] [[Georgism]] - Ah yes, my forgotten nephew! Ground-rents, and the ordinary rents from land, are probably the best sources of tax revenue, indeed. | *[[File:Georgist.png]] [[Georgism]] - Ah yes, my forgotten nephew! Ground-rents, and the ordinary rents from land, are probably the best sources of tax revenue, indeed. | ||
*[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]] - Liberty and free markets, but do try to ease off the subsidies though. | *[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]] - Liberty and free markets, but do try to ease off the subsidies though. | ||
*[[File:Girondi.png]] [[Girondism]] - My main representative in the French revolution. | *[[File:Girondi.png]] [[Girondism]] - My main representative in the French revolution. | ||
*[[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism]] - I like to discuss economics with him. | *[[File:Fiscon.png]] [[Fiscal Conservatism]] - I like to discuss economics with him. | ||
*[[File:Xbert.png]] [[Paleolibertarianism#Christian Libertarianism|Christian Libertarianism]] & [[File:ChristLib.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Christian Liberalism]] - Definitely the best Christians, not to mention that many classical liberal writers were Christians. | *[[File:Xbert.png]] [[Paleolibertarianism#Christian Libertarianism|Christian Libertarianism]] & [[File:ChristLib.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Christian Liberalism]] - Definitely the best Christians, not to mention that many classical liberal writers were Christians. | ||
*[[File:Helv.png]] [[Helvetic Model]] - The best model nowadays. | *[[File:Helv.png]] [[Helvetic Model]] - The best model nowadays. | ||
| Line 485: | Line 476: | ||
*[[File:Friedman.png]] [[Chicago School|Friedmanism]] & [[File:Hayek.png]] [[Hayekism]] - My greatest representatives in the XX century. | *[[File:Friedman.png]] [[Chicago School|Friedmanism]] & [[File:Hayek.png]] [[Hayekism]] - My greatest representatives in the XX century. | ||
*[[File:Coolidge.png]] [[National Libertarianism|Coolidgism]] - Protectionist but overall pretty good president. | *[[File:Coolidge.png]] [[National Libertarianism|Coolidgism]] - Protectionist but overall pretty good president. | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Nalib.png]] [[National Liberalism]] - 1848, best year in Europe! | ||
*[[File:Jeffersondem2.png]] [[Jeffersonian Democracy]] - The American revolution was f*cking awesome! Also the rest of your ideas are pretty enlightning! | *[[File:Jeffersondem2.png]] [[Jeffersonian Democracy]] - The American revolution was f*cking awesome! Also the rest of your ideas are pretty enlightning! | ||
*[[File:Monet.png]] [[Monetarism]] - Good monetary policy but gold and no central banks will be even better. | *[[File:Monet.png]] [[Monetarism]] - Good monetary policy but gold and no central banks will be even better. | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:World.png]] [[Globalism]] - Economic globalization and world pacifism are based. | ||
=== Tolerable Statists === | ===Tolerable Statists=== | ||
*[[File:Jacobin.png]] [[Jacobinism]] - You may be my oldest rival, but I still remember when we declared the First Republic together. | *[[File:Jacobin.png]] [[Jacobinism]] - You may be my oldest rival, but I still remember when we declared the First Republic together. | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Radlib.png]] [[Radicalism]] - My son with the above, far too extreme. | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]] - My progressive and welfare-loving grandchild. You stole my name! | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Socdem.png]] [[Social Democracy]] - I admire you're willingness to accept the need for capitalism, but you're still too close to [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism|him]]. | ||
*[[File:RightSocDem.png]] [[Social Democracy#Right-Social Democracy|Right-Social Democracy]] - Thank you for (kind of) saving capitalism, even if your idea of it is still very flawed. | |||
*[[File:Soccap.png]] [[Social Capitalism]] - Just like the above. | |||
*[[File:Conlib.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism]] - My very moderate son, stop compromising with aristocrats and tyrants! | |||
*[[File:Feuillant.png]] [[Feuillantism]] - French version of the above. End slavery! End the monarchy! | |||
*[[File:Orlib.png]] [[Ordo-Liberalism]] - Classical liberalism beats New Liberalism! | |||
*[[File:Ricardosoc.png]] [[Ricardian Socialism]] - You completely misunderstand Ricardo! At least you understand why we must have a market though. | |||
*[[File:Carlism.png]] [[Carlism]] - Our wars in Spain were bloody, though I admit that the Fueros sounds great. | *[[File:Carlism.png]] [[Carlism]] - Our wars in Spain were bloody, though I admit that the Fueros sounds great. | ||
*[[File:Obj.png]] [[Objectivism]] - Huge (and irritating) fan of mine. Even when I agree with her, she's still kind of annoying. | *[[File:Obj.png]] [[Objectivism]] - Huge (and irritating) fan of mine. Even when I agree with her, she's still kind of annoying. | ||
| Line 500: | Line 497: | ||
*[[File:3way.png]] [[Third Way]] - Ah yes, my great-grandchild who isn't very different from [[File:Neoliberal-icon.png]] their parent... | *[[File:3way.png]] [[Third Way]] - Ah yes, my great-grandchild who isn't very different from [[File:Neoliberal-icon.png]] their parent... | ||
*[[File:Libhawk.png]] [[Neoconservatism#Liberal Hawk|Liberal Hawk]] - Am I seeing double? | *[[File:Libhawk.png]] [[Neoconservatism#Liberal Hawk|Liberal Hawk]] - Am I seeing double? | ||
*[[File:Liberalconservative.png]] [[Liberal Conservatism]] - I like Peel for joining with me but you are still too conservative for me. | |||
*[[File:Marketsoc.png]] [[Market Socialism]] - My son, how exactly do you expect this to work? At least you're rational enough to understand why we need a free market. | *[[File:Marketsoc.png]] [[Market Socialism]] - My son, how exactly do you expect this to work? At least you're rational enough to understand why we need a free market. | ||
*[[File:Liberalsoc.png]] [[Liberal Socialism]] - I largely agree with John Stuart Mill, but I'm still not so sure about this socialism stuff though. | *[[File:Liberalsoc.png]] [[Liberal Socialism]] - I largely agree with John Stuart Mill, but I'm still not so sure about this socialism stuff though. | ||
*[[File:Reactlib.png]] [[Reactionary Liberalism]] - <s>Bastard child.</s> And I thought [[File:Nalib.png]] he could be a little crazy... | *[[File:Reactlib.png]] [[Reactionary Liberalism]] - <s>Bastard child.</s> And I thought [[File:Nalib.png]] he could be a little crazy... | ||
*[[File: | *[[File:Paleolib.png]] [[Paleolibertarianism]] - You and the above are both insane but are family so I still love you. | ||
*[[File:Rpop.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism]] - | *[[File:Rpop.png]] [[Right-Wing Populism]] - Some of you are okay but many a statist protectionists, massive mixed bag. | ||
*[[File:Austrobert.png]] [[Austrian School]] - My dear son, I admire your economic vision, I really do, but can't you see that [[File:Corp.png]] [[Corporatocracy|they]] stand in the way of the free market? I cannot believe I'm saying this, but ''some'' regulations are necessary! | *[[File:Austrobert.png]] [[Austrian School]] - My dear son, I admire your economic vision, I really do, but can't you see that [[File:Corp.png]] [[Corporatocracy|they]] stand in the way of the free market? I cannot believe I'm saying this, but ''some'' regulations are necessary! | ||
*[[File:Nation.png]] [[Nationalism]] - I remember when we both overthrew the old feudal systems, but you also caused a lot of damage in recent times, so you're a mixed bag overall. No offense, but please keep an eye on your [[File:Ultranat.png]] [[Ultranationalism|deranged]] [[Fascism|children]] [[File:Fash.png]]. | *[[File:Nation.png]] [[Nationalism]] - I remember when we both overthrew the old feudal systems, but you also caused a lot of damage in recent times, so you're a mixed bag overall. No offense, but please keep an eye on your [[File:Ultranat.png]] [[Ultranationalism|deranged]] [[Fascism|children]] [[File:Fash.png]]. | ||
*[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism]] - Tolerable unlike other members of his family. You helped me in Britain but I had to expel you from the Thirteen Colonies. No taxation without representation, bruv. | *[[File:Conmon.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism]] - Tolerable unlike other members of his family. You helped me in Britain but I had to expel you from the Thirteen Colonies. No taxation without representation, bruv. | ||
*[[File:World.png]] [[ | *[[File:World Federalism2.png]] [[World Federalism]] - Interesting idea, but still too much centralization. But one world government sounds like too much centralization of power I prefer competition between nation-states. <s>It's okay to be a tax heaven</s>. | ||
*[[File:LibAutocrat.png]] [[Autocracy|Liberal Autocracy]] - Hayek was right. | *[[File:LibAutocrat.png]] [[Autocracy|Liberal Autocracy]] - Hayek was right. | ||
*[[File:Timocracy.png]] [[Timocracy]] - I used to support you, forbidding welfare recipients from voting is a good idea. | *[[File:Timocracy.png]] [[Timocracy]] - I used to support you, forbidding welfare recipients from voting is a good idea. | ||
*[[File:Welf.png]] [[Welfarism]] - A bit less, a bit less, a bit less, etc... | *[[File:Welf.png]] [[Welfarism]] - A bit less, a bit less, a bit less, etc... | ||
=== Tyrants === | ===Tyrants=== | ||
*[[File:Monarch.png]] [[Monarchism]] - '''1776 WILL COMMENCE AGAIN!''' [[File:Revlib.png]] | *[[File:Monarch.png]] [[Monarchism]] - '''1776 WILL COMMENCE AGAIN!''' [[File:Revlib.png]] | ||
*[[File:Abmon.png]] [[Absolute Monarchism]] - '''SIC SEMPER TYRANNIS! [[File:Revlib.png]]''' | *[[File:Abmon.png]] [[Absolute Monarchism]] - '''SIC SEMPER TYRANNIS! [[File:Revlib.png]] | ||
*[[File:Tradcon.png]] [[Classical Conservatism]] - Tool of the above. | |||
*[[File:Ancapf.png]] [[Anarcho-Capitalism]] - Moron. | |||
*[[File:Libsoc.png]] [[Libertarian Socialism]] - Life, Liberty and '''Property!''' | |||
*[[File:Enlightmon.png]] [[Enlightened Absolutism]] - Ok, what the actual fuck? | |||
*[[File:Merc.png]] [[Mercantilism]] - We need Free Trade! | *[[File:Merc.png]] [[Mercantilism]] - We need Free Trade! | ||
*[[File:Natcon.png]] [[National Conservatism]] - Delusional populist. | |||
*[[File:Feud.png]] [[Feudalism]] - Why on Earth are you attacking me all the time? | *[[File:Feud.png]] [[Feudalism]] - Why on Earth are you attacking me all the time? | ||
*[[File:ML.png]] [[Marxism–Leninism]] - He keeps calling me the "reactionary status quo" but look at me kicking monarchist ass over here! | *[[File:ML.png]] [[Marxism–Leninism]] - He keeps calling me the "reactionary status quo" but look at me kicking monarchist ass over here! | ||
*[[File:React.png]] [[Reactionaryism]] - Why on Earth would you reject the Enlightenment!? | *[[File:React.png]] [[Reactionaryism]] - Why on Earth would you reject the Enlightenment!? | ||
*[[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism]] - Will never work. | |||
*[[File:Fash.png]] [[Fascism]] - Despot who opposes free trade and liberty. Basically the opposite of everything we stand for. Why do leftists think we're the same again? <s>Appointing De' Stefani as the Minister of Finance was a good choice though.</s> | *[[File:Fash.png]] [[Fascism]] - Despot who opposes free trade and liberty. Basically the opposite of everything we stand for. Why do leftists think we're the same again? <s>Appointing De' Stefani as the Minister of Finance was a good choice though.</s> | ||
*[[File:AusFash.png]] [[Austrofascism]] - Same as above but Austrian. <s>Though thanks for appointing Mises as the Minister of the Chamber of Commerce.</s> | *[[File:AusFash.png]] [[Austrofascism]] - Same as above but Austrian. <s>Though thanks for appointing Mises as the Minister of the Chamber of Commerce.</s> | ||
| Line 550: | Line 551: | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
=== Comics === | ===Comics=== | ||
<gallery mode="slideshow"> | <gallery mode="slideshow"> | ||
L176dj0624d41.png | L176dj0624d41.png | ||
| Line 562: | Line 563: | ||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
== Further Information == | ==Further Information== | ||
=== Literature === | ===Literature=== | ||
Note: List kept in rough chronological order. | Note: List kept in rough chronological order. | ||
*[https://socialsciences.mcmaster.ca/econ/ugcm/3ll3/grotius/Law2.pdf On the Law of War and Peace] and [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Grotius_Hugo_The_Freedom_of_the_Sea_(v1.0).pdf The Freedom of the Seas] by [[File:Humanismpix.png]] [[Humanism|Hugo Grotius]] | *[https://socialsciences.mcmaster.ca/econ/ugcm/3ll3/grotius/Law2.pdf On the Law of War and Peace] and [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7b/Grotius_Hugo_The_Freedom_of_the_Sea_(v1.0).pdf The Freedom of the Seas] by [[File:Humanismpix.png]] [[Humanism|Hugo Grotius]] | ||
| Line 571: | Line 572: | ||
*[https://projectintegrity.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/bernard-mandeville-the-fable-of-the-bees-1712.pdf The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits] by [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|Bernard Mandeville]] | *[https://projectintegrity.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/bernard-mandeville-the-fable-of-the-bees-1712.pdf The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits] by [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|Bernard Mandeville]] | ||
*[https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/trenchard-catos-letters-4-vols-in-2-lf-ed Cato's Letters] by Thomas Gordon and John Trenchard | *[https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/trenchard-catos-letters-4-vols-in-2-lf-ed Cato's Letters] by Thomas Gordon and John Trenchard | ||
*[https://socialsciences.mcmaster.ca/econ/ugcm/3ll3/montesquieu/spiritoflaws.pdf The Spirit of the Laws] by [[File: | *[https://socialsciences.mcmaster.ca/econ/ugcm/3ll3/montesquieu/spiritoflaws.pdf The Spirit of the Laws] by [[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Baron de Montesquieu]] | ||
*[http://files.libertyfund.org/files/122/0530_Bk.pdf Reflections on the Formation and Distribution of Wealth] by [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Anne Robert Jacques Turgot]] | *[http://files.libertyfund.org/files/122/0530_Bk.pdf Reflections on the Formation and Distribution of Wealth] by [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Anne Robert Jacques Turgot]] | ||
*[https://www.ibiblio.org/ml/libri/s/SmithA_WealthNations_p.pdf The Wealth of Nations] [[File:AdamSmith.png]] by Adam Smith | *[https://www.ibiblio.org/ml/libri/s/SmithA_WealthNations_p.pdf The Wealth of Nations] [[File:AdamSmith.png]] by Adam Smith | ||
| Line 577: | Line 578: | ||
*[https://oll.libertyfund.org/page/1776-paine-common-sense-pamphlet Common Sense] by <small>[[File:Radlib.png]]</small> [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] | *[https://oll.libertyfund.org/page/1776-paine-common-sense-pamphlet Common Sense] by <small>[[File:Radlib.png]]</small> [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] | ||
*[https://socialpolicy.ucc.ie/Paine_Rights_of_Man.pdf Rights of Man] by <small>[[File:Radlib.png]]</small> [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] | *[https://socialpolicy.ucc.ie/Paine_Rights_of_Man.pdf Rights of Man] by <small>[[File:Radlib.png]]</small> [[Radicalism|Thomas Paine]] | ||
*[https://archive.org/details/limitsofstateact0000humb/mode/1up?view=theater The Limits of State Action] by [[File: | *[https://archive.org/details/limitsofstateact0000humb/mode/1up?view=theater The Limits of State Action] by [[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Wilhelm von Humboldt]] | ||
*[https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/constant-the-liberty-of-ancients-compared-with-that-of-moderns-1819 The Liberty of Ancients Compared with that of Moderns] and [https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/constant-principles-of-politics-applicable-to-all-governments Principles of Politics Applicable to All Governments] by [[File:Romanticism.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Benjamin Constant]] | *[https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/constant-the-liberty-of-ancients-compared-with-that-of-moderns-1819 The Liberty of Ancients Compared with that of Moderns] and [https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/constant-principles-of-politics-applicable-to-all-governments Principles of Politics Applicable to All Governments] by [[File:Romanticism.png]] [[Constitutional Monarchism|Benjamin Constant]] | ||
*[https://cdn.mises.org/A%20Treatise%20on%20Political%20Economy_6.pdf A Treatise on Political Economy] by [[File: | *[https://cdn.mises.org/A%20Treatise%20on%20Political%20Economy_6.pdf A Treatise on Political Economy] by [[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought|Destutt de Tracy]] (and translated by [[File:Jeffersondem2.png]] [[Jeffersonian Democracy|Thomas Jefferson]]) | ||
*[https://cdn.mises.org/A%20Treatise%20on%20Political%20Economy_5.pdf A Treatise on Political Economy] and [https://cdn.mises.org/Letters%20to%20Mr%20Malthus_2.pdf Letters to Mr. Malthus] by [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|Jean-Baptiste Say]] | *[https://cdn.mises.org/A%20Treatise%20on%20Political%20Economy_5.pdf A Treatise on Political Economy] and [https://cdn.mises.org/Letters%20to%20Mr%20Malthus_2.pdf Letters to Mr. Malthus] by [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism|Jean-Baptiste Say]] | ||
*[https://wps.pearsoncustom.com/wps/media/objects/2429/2487430/pdfs/democracy.pdf Democracy in America] by [[File:AlexisdeTocqueville.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Alexis de Tocqueville]] | *[https://wps.pearsoncustom.com/wps/media/objects/2429/2487430/pdfs/democracy.pdf Democracy in America] by [[File:AlexisdeTocqueville.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Alexis de Tocqueville]] | ||
| Line 596: | Line 597: | ||
*[https://mises.org/library/what-classical-liberalism What is a Classical Liberalism?] by [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism|Ralph Raico]] | *[https://mises.org/library/what-classical-liberalism What is a Classical Liberalism?] by [[File:Libertarian.png]] [[Libertarianism|Ralph Raico]] | ||
*[https://www.lotuseaters.com/five-false-assumptions-of-liberalism-10-06-2022 Five False Assumptions of Liberalism] and [https://www.lotuseaters.com/five-more-false-assumptions-of-liberalism its follow-up article] by [[File:Carl Benjamin.png]] [[Alt-Lite|Carl Benjamin]] | *[https://www.lotuseaters.com/five-false-assumptions-of-liberalism-10-06-2022 Five False Assumptions of Liberalism] and [https://www.lotuseaters.com/five-more-false-assumptions-of-liberalism its follow-up article] by [[File:Carl Benjamin.png]] [[Alt-Lite|Carl Benjamin]] | ||
*[https://www.amazon.com/Liberalism-Its-Discontents-Francis-Fukuyama/dp/0374606714 Liberalism and Its Discontents] by [[File:Fukuyama.png]] [[Liberalism|Francis Fukuyama]] | |||
===Wikipedia=== | ===Wikipedia=== | ||
| Line 644: | Line 646: | ||
[[Category:Democratic]] | [[Category:Democratic]] | ||
[[Category:Cultural Center]] | [[Category:Cultural Center]] | ||
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Latest revision as of 17:05, 11 November 2024
Classical Liberalism is an economically 
center-right to far-right, 
mildly to moderately libertarian, and 
culturally variable ideology.
He was conceived some time in the early 18th century as a child of the 
Enlightenment. He used to believe that people had an inherent right to their "Life, Liberty and Property" though he later amended that to "Life, Liberty and The Pursuit of Happiness".
Classical Liberalism hatched the idea, partly inspired by the French 
Physiocrats and their concept of laissez-faire, that individual freedom and a free market would result in a balanced economical equilibrium - as long as monopolies were not allowed to develop and destroy competitiveness. He viewed free trade as a path to universal peace and prosperity. He also often strongly opposed landed aristocracy, struggling against 
Monarchist and 
Reactionary tendencies.
ClassLib is considered the original inspiration for most of the Lib-Right ideologies, including Capitalism, even though the modern concept of capitalism isn't necessarily entirely free market and free trade focused compared with the original Classical Liberalism; since monopoly and market power isn't vigorously kept in check, the state provides benefits to multiple specific corporations, and 
Protectionism sometimes sneaks in when it's in the interest of powerful political and economical actors - revealing the connection to ClassLib's old enemy 
Mercantilism.
Some time in the early 20th century ClassLib became the father of 
Liberalism, who managed to then make the Liberal Dynasty into what it is today; with his other offspring, 
Libertarianism and 
National Liberalism taking on more fringe positions.
History
Origins
Historically the philosophy of classical liberalism has a set of factors which have contributed to its creation and development; the most prominent of these factors include the individualistic attitudes and beliefs of especially the protestant 
Christian faith, opposition to 
authoritarian social contract theories which put the state or law as the source of ethics as opposed to the other way around, as well as the rise of international trade and 
industrialisation.
The foundation of classical liberal philosophy is generally attributed to the English philosopher 
John Locke[3] and his "Two Treatises of Government" (1689) - while the arguably equally important and intrinsically linked classical economy is based on 
Adam Smith's "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations" (1776).
Throughout the history of liberal thought, there's been competing branches, ranging from what could be called 
"traditionalism" 
to 
"radicalism" 
. Thinkers such as John Locke and 
David Hume may be considered relatively traditionalist, while thinkers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Thomas Paine were much more radical in their concepts of liberty. Even Adam Smith may be considered relatively radical in his approach to certain things such as aristocracy and monopoly power, perceiving that markets could fail if natural monopolies were allowed to form.
Development and decline
The United States Constitution was firmly cemented in a liberal philosophy, and the later 19th century success of liberal policies, free trade, etc. in Western Europe and the United States contributed to a massive growth in productivity and exchange.
Later thinkers such as 
Jeremy Bentham and 
J.S. Mill would introduce a utilitarian liberal approach which could be considered a part of a more left-wing branch, at least relatively, being also concerned with inequality resulting from the failures of markets in certain situations. This would eventually give rise to 
Social Liberalism.
Towards the 20th century, there was still a marked division within the liberal ideology, and political radicals such as David Lloyd George in the UK were at odds with more traditionalist liberals as he passed the People's Budget which provided hitherto unprecedented welfare and sought to impose taxes on the wealthy, especially the landed aristocracy.
In the UK, the liberals would eventually be marginalised by the increasingly dominant dichotomy between 
Socialism and Capitalism, with the Conservative Party taking on the mantle of 
Paternalistic Conservatism and the newly formed Labour Party wanting to drive social reforms even further than the Liberal Party.
Modern Liberalism and its meaning
In the US previous to the 1930s election, Democrats, such as 
Grover Cleveland, were Classical Liberals, thus the party was associated to (Classical) Liberalism and its members were regarded as Liberals. 
Franklin D. Roosevelt, however, despite representing a huge shift from this ideology, kept on identifying along with his followers as a "Liberal". That's why in The US, liberalism is more often used to refer to Social Liberalism, while in other parts of the world liberalism kept a meaning closer to the original one of Classical Liberalism (though in Europe especially, political parties espousing the term "Liberal" are oftentimes mostly a mixed bag of 
Neoliberal, 
Neoconservative, 
Liberal Conservative and Social Liberalism).
Classical Liberalism and 
Libertarianism
Those who, in the US, used to identify as Liberals in the broader sense had to start calling themselves Classical Liberals, or Liberals in the Classical tradition, and later in the 40s they started using the term "Libertarianism" to refer to themselves, appropriating the term from 
Libertarian Socialists, to be differentiated from the Democratic party adherents; and with the passing of time and the radicalization of ideas, the meaning of the term Libertarianism shifted from a synonym of Classical Liberalism to a more modern version of it, and usually more radical, but sometimes the terms are still used interchangeably, such as Milton Friedman who described himself sometimes as a Classical Liberal and sometimes as a Libertarian.
Some modern Libertarian anti-statists have started to (re)appropriate the term in order to make their vision of a society based purely on 
property rights and the 
free market more legitimate, but some say that it bears little resemblance with the views of the original founders of Liberalism, who were far from being 
Anarcho-Capitalists, proposing instead something close to a 
night-watchmen state.
However some Anarcho-Capitalists argue that during the 20th century one can identify a distinct radical wing within the Classical Liberal movement, referring to Classical Liberals such as Gustave de Molinari, 
Herbert Spencer and 
Auberon Herbert, thus calling themselves Classical Liberals (or rather Radical Classical Liberals) wouldn't be as far from the original meaning as it might seem at first.
Variants
Adam Smith Thought 
Adam Smith was a Scottish economist and philosopher who was a pioneer in the thinking of political economy and key figure during the Scottish Enlightenment. Also seen as "The Father of Economics" or "The Father of Capitalism", he wrote two classic works, The Theory of Moral Sentiments and An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. The latter, often abbreviated as The Wealth of Nations, is considered his magnum opus and the first modern work that treats economics as a comprehensive system and as an academic discipline. Smith refuses to explain the distribution of wealth and power in terms of God’s will and instead appeals to natural, political, social, economic and technological factors and the interactions between them. In his work, Smith introduced, among others, his theory of absolute advantage. The Wealth of Nations was a precursor to the modern academic discipline of economics. In this and other works, Smith expounded how rational self-interest and competition can lead to economic prosperity. Smith was controversial in his own day and his general approach and writing style were often satirised by Tory writers in the moralising tradition of Hogarth and Swift, as a discussion at the University of Winchester suggests. In 2005, The Wealth of Nations was named among the 100 Best Scottish Books of all time. In light of the arguments put forward by Smith and other economic theorists in Britain, academic belief in mercantilism began to decline in Britain in the late 18th century. During the Industrial Revolution, Britain embraced free trade and Smith's laissez-faire economics, and via the British Empire, used its power to spread a broadly liberal economic model around the world, characterised by open markets, and relatively barrier-free domestic and international trade. Smith has been commemorated in the UK on banknotes printed by two different banks; his portrait has appeared since 1981 on the £50 notes issued by the Clydesdale Bank in Scotland ,and in March 2007 Smith's image also appeared on the new series of £20 notes issued by the Bank of England, making him the first Scotsman to feature on an English banknote.
Bourbon Democratism
The Bourbon Democrats were a faction in the 
Democratic Party during the late 19th century. They were never a formal group but were instead a collection of Democrat voters who coalesed around shared political goals. The term "Bourbon Demorcat" was actually a term created by their critics to describe their ideas as being old fashioned. Bourbon Democrats were supporters of 
Fiscal Conservatism and Laissez-Faire Capitalism, while opposing bimetallism favoring the gold standard. They also supported 
Civil Service Reform. Bourbon Democrats supported the business interests of banks and railroads as well as the presidential candidacies of 
Samuel Tilden and Grover Cleveland. The Bourbon Democrats ceased to be a force in American politics after 
Woodrow Wilson was elected president in 1912 and named 
William Jennings Bryan, a leading opponent of the Bourbon Democrats, as Secretary of State.
FDPism
Lockeanism
Maderism
Maderism is a political movement based on the ideology of Francisco I. Madero who seeked the resignation of the then President of 
Mexico 
Porfirio Díaz. As a member of the upper-class Madero was able to acknowledge the systemic problems around Díaz's technocratic government. As a classical liberal from his time and taking inspiration from previous figures like 
Benito Juarez he valued the political participation of the citizens from all sectors of society, freedom of speech and assembly, restitution of land and the adoption of a liberal economy that would allow the population to participate without restrictions from Porfirian aristocracy.
Pensamiento Benito Juarez
Personality
- Sleepy & old
- Slight Scottish accent
- Likes to talk about the benefits of freedom and his correlation with knowledge and wealth
- Act as a gentleman
How to Draw
- Draw a ball with Eyes
- Draw a tricolour of Dark Blue, Gold and White.
- (Optional) draw a renaissance wig.
You're finished
Original: Flag of Classical Liberalism : vexillology
| Color Name | HEX | RGB | |
|---|---|---|---|
| White | #FFFFFF | 255, 255, 255 | |
| Yellow | #FFDB28 | 255, 219, 40 | |
| Dark Blue | #39386E | 57, 56, 110 | |
Relationships
Fellow Freedomites
Enlightenment Thought - Thanks for helping me shape my worldview, dad!
Constitutionalism - One of my major inspirations, I greatly admire him!
Liberalism - I remember when you were a baby. You won't be as influential as me, but I hope that someday you'll prove me wrong.
Capitalism - We kicked 
their ass together!- Libertarianism - Good ideas but I did also invent the idea of a social contract.
Liberaltarianism - Oh boy... Well you do combine the best aspects of Social Liberalism and Libertarianism but you're kind of *ahem* inbred.
Georgism - Ah yes, my forgotten nephew! Ground-rents, and the ordinary rents from land, are probably the best sources of tax revenue, indeed.
Social Libertarianism - Liberty and free markets, but do try to ease off the subsidies though.
Girondism - My main representative in the French revolution.
Fiscal Conservatism - I like to discuss economics with him.
Christian Libertarianism & 
Christian Liberalism - Definitely the best Christians, not to mention that many classical liberal writers were Christians.
Helvetic Model - The best model nowadays.
Civic Nationalism - Most respectable stanistanist, Ernest Renan was great.
Patriotism - Similar to above.
Friedmanism & 
Hayekism - My greatest representatives in the XX century.
Coolidgism - Protectionist but overall pretty good president.
National Liberalism - 1848, best year in Europe!
Jeffersonian Democracy - The American revolution was f*cking awesome! Also the rest of your ideas are pretty enlightning!
Monetarism - Good monetary policy but gold and no central banks will be even better.
Globalism - Economic globalization and world pacifism are based.
Tolerable Statists
Jacobinism - You may be my oldest rival, but I still remember when we declared the First Republic together.
Radicalism - My son with the above, far too extreme.
Social Liberalism - My progressive and welfare-loving grandchild. You stole my name!
Social Democracy - I admire you're willingness to accept the need for capitalism, but you're still too close to 
him.
Right-Social Democracy - Thank you for (kind of) saving capitalism, even if your idea of it is still very flawed.
Social Capitalism - Just like the above.
Conservative Liberalism - My very moderate son, stop compromising with aristocrats and tyrants!
Feuillantism - French version of the above. End slavery! End the monarchy!
Ordo-Liberalism - Classical liberalism beats New Liberalism!
Ricardian Socialism - You completely misunderstand Ricardo! At least you understand why we must have a market though.
Carlism - Our wars in Spain were bloody, though I admit that the Fueros sounds great.
Objectivism - Huge (and irritating) fan of mine. Even when I agree with her, she's still kind of annoying.
Neoliberalism - I wish you weren't so regulatory like your dad. Also, what's with all these invasions with your 
friend?
Third Way - Ah yes, my great-grandchild who isn't very different from their parent...
Liberal Hawk - Am I seeing double?
Liberal Conservatism - I like Peel for joining with me but you are still too conservative for me.
Market Socialism - My son, how exactly do you expect this to work? At least you're rational enough to understand why we need a free market.
Liberal Socialism - I largely agree with John Stuart Mill, but I'm still not so sure about this socialism stuff though.
Reactionary Liberalism - Bastard child.And I thought he could be a little crazy...
Paleolibertarianism - You and the above are both insane but are family so I still love you.
Right-Wing Populism - Some of you are okay but many a statist protectionists, massive mixed bag.
Austrian School - My dear son, I admire your economic vision, I really do, but can't you see that 
they stand in the way of the free market? I cannot believe I'm saying this, but some regulations are necessary!
Nationalism - I remember when we both overthrew the old feudal systems, but you also caused a lot of damage in recent times, so you're a mixed bag overall. No offense, but please keep an eye on your 
deranged children 
.
Constitutional Monarchism - Tolerable unlike other members of his family. You helped me in Britain but I had to expel you from the Thirteen Colonies. No taxation without representation, bruv.
World Federalism - Interesting idea, but still too much centralization. But one world government sounds like too much centralization of power I prefer competition between nation-states. It's okay to be a tax heaven.
Liberal Autocracy - Hayek was right.
Timocracy - I used to support you, forbidding welfare recipients from voting is a good idea.
Welfarism - A bit less, a bit less, a bit less, etc...
Tyrants
Monarchism - 1776 WILL COMMENCE AGAIN! 
Absolute Monarchism - SIC SEMPER TYRANNIS!
Classical Conservatism - Tool of the above.
Anarcho-Capitalism - Moron.
Libertarian Socialism - Life, Liberty and Property!
Enlightened Absolutism - Ok, what the actual fuck?
Mercantilism - We need Free Trade!
National Conservatism - Delusional populist.- Feudalism - Why on Earth are you attacking me all the time?
Marxism–Leninism - He keeps calling me the "reactionary status quo" but look at me kicking monarchist ass over here!
Reactionaryism - Why on Earth would you reject the Enlightenment!?- Socialism - Will never work.
- Fascism - Despot who opposes free trade and liberty. Basically the opposite of everything we stand for. Why do leftists think we're the same again?
Appointing De' Stefani as the Minister of Finance was a good choice though. 
Austrofascism - Same as above but Austrian. Though thanks for appointing Mises as the Minister of the Chamber of Commerce.
Nazism - You tried to kill Mises!- Corporatocracy - We need to talk, my child... WHAT IN THE BLOODY HELL IS THIS?!
Alt-Lite - You're not one of us and you will never be. You ruined every right-wing liberal movement with that culture war rubbish. And admit it, you're nothing more than a moderate version of 
him. GET OUT OF MY SIGHT!! I'd rather you ignore what some of my authors and supporters have said about immigrants, women, feminism, and Islam.- Alt-Right - You're an outright Neo-Nazi, which is even worse. Stop saying that only white people and white civilizations are able to follow or be the closest to my philosophy! Go ask Reactionary Liberalism.
Also ignore what some of my authors and supporters have said about race, black people, slavs, and fascism. 
Manosphere - What do you want from me?! MGTOW and Neomasculinism are not that bad.
White Nationalism - Another one?! Good Lord, leave me alone! Please don't look at what some of the founding fathers and my other supporters said about a white ethnostate.
Silver Legionism - You're like him but American. Also they really like Washington for some reason.
Anti-Fascism - I'm not a fascist, I'm a liberal! I'm a cla-
- -
SMASH THE FASH! *bonk*
- Bloody hell? Where did I leave the musket?
Babouvism - The seed of the communist evil!
Marxism - My archenemy in modern days.
Illegalism - Own a musket for home defense, since that's what the founding fathers intended. Four ruffians break into my house. "What the devil?" As I grab my powdered wig and Kentucky rifle. Blow a golf ball sized hole through the first man, he's dead on the spot. Draw my pistol on the second man, miss him entirely because it's smoothbore and nails the neighbors dog. I have to resort to the cannon mounted at the top of the stairs loaded with grape shot, "Tally ho lads" the grape shot shreds two men in the blast, the sound and extra shrapnel set off car alarms. Fix bayonet and charge the last terrified rapscallion. He Bleeds out waiting on the police to arrive since triangular bayonet wounds are impossible to stitch up. Just as the founding fathers intended.
Gallery
Portraits
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Paleoliberalism
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Comics
Further Information
Literature
Note: List kept in rough chronological order.
- On the Law of War and Peace and The Freedom of the Seas by
Hugo Grotius - Areopagitica by
John Milton - Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina of 1669 by John Locke and
Anthony Ashley Cooper - Two Treatises of Government and A Letter Concerning Toleration by John Locke
- The Fable of the Bees; Or, Private Vices, Public Benefits by Bernard Mandeville
- Cato's Letters by Thomas Gordon and John Trenchard
- The Spirit of the Laws by Baron de Montesquieu
- Reflections on the Formation and Distribution of Wealth by
Anne Robert Jacques Turgot - The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith
- A Treatise Concerning Civil Government by Josiah Tucker
- Common Sense by Thomas Paine
- Rights of Man by Thomas Paine
- The Limits of State Action by Wilhelm von Humboldt
- The Liberty of Ancients Compared with that of Moderns and Principles of Politics Applicable to All Governments by
Benjamin Constant - A Treatise on Political Economy by Destutt de Tracy (and translated by Thomas Jefferson)
- A Treatise on Political Economy and Letters to Mr. Malthus by Jean-Baptiste Say
- Democracy in America by
Alexis de Tocqueville - The Bastiat Collection by Frederic Bastiat
- Social Statics; or the Conditions Essential to Human Happiness and Principles of Ethics by
Herbert Spencer - On liberty by
John Stuart Mill - Essays on Freedom and Power by John-Dalberg Acton
- A Plea for Liberty: An Argument against Socialism and Socialistic Legislation by multiple writers
20th century and after
- Tracotanza Proteccionista by
Luigi Einaudi - Liberalism: In the Classical Tradition by Ludwig Von Mises
- The Constitution of Liberty by
Friedrich August von Hayek - Two Concepts of Liberty by Isaiah Berlin
- The Origins of Totalitarian Democracy by
Jacob Leib Talmon - An American Classical Liberalism by Llewellin H. Rockwell Jr.
- What is a Classical Liberalism? by Ralph Raico
- Five False Assumptions of Liberalism and its follow-up article by
Carl Benjamin - Liberalism and Its Discontents by
Francis Fukuyama
Wikipedia
- Classical liberalism
- Classical economics
- Neoclassical economics
Manchester Liberalism 
French Liberal School
School of Salamanca- Gladstonian liberalism
- Liberism
- Constitutional liberalism
- Homestead principle
- Labor theory of property
- Lockean proviso
- Harm principle
- John Locke
- Adam Smith
Institute for Democracy and Economic Affairs - Bourbon Democrat
Videos
- A Guide to Classical Liberalism and Classical Liberalism, Part 2: The Rise and Fall (and Rise and Fall) by
The Academic Agent - How Classical Liberalism became Libertarianism by
Casual Historian - What is Classical Liberalism? and The History of Classical Liberalism by Learn Liberty
- Liberalism: where did it come from and are its days numbered? by The Economist
- What is a Classical Liberal? (Animated) by
The Rubin Report - The Truth About Classical Liberalism by Martin Goldberg
- Adam's Myth: What Classical Liberalism really is? by Sprachielle
- Liberalism vs Mass Democracy by Russell Walter
Online Communities
Websites
Citations
 Right Unity - Free Markets and 
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 Centre-Right
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 Social Darwinism
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 Self-Insert
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Template:16384ismlink •  Meso-16384ism •  Quarkism •  ⠀ism
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Libertarian Right - Dodging taxes since 1776 
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 Moderate
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 Coolidgism
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| Self Insert
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 Schumacherianism
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 Liberals - Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
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Classical Liberalism • Social Liberalism •  Big Tent Liberalism •  Third Way  • Liberalism •  Liberal Conservatism •  Ordo-Liberalism • Radical Liberalism
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 Regional
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 Cardosoism •  Bidenism •  Sarneyism •  Obamaism •  Clintonism ( Hillaryism)
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| Self-Inserts
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 FreePCB Reformism •  Brazilian Liberalism •  DECBism
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