×
Create a new article
Write your page title here:
We currently have 2,529 articles on Polcompball Wiki. Type your article name above or click on one of the titles below and start writing!



Polcompball Wiki
Polcompball Wiki
2,529Articles
  Recent changes
in:
Users, Ideologies, Pages with broken file links,
and 7 more

Georgism: Difference between revisions

VisualWikitext
imported>EugeneTLT
No edit summary
 
(9 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{MessageBox/Featured}}
<!--there used to be a message-box here-->
{{Ideology
{{Ideology
|textcolor=D53831
|textcolor=D53831
|title=[[File: Georgist.png]] Georgism
|title=[[File:Georgist.png]] Georgism
|image=Georgism-2.png
|image=Georgism-2.png
|caption=[http://www.henrygeorge.org/catsup.htm See the cat?]
|caption=[http://www.henrygeorge.org/catsup.htm See the cat?]
|aliases={{Collapse|
|aliases={{Collapse|
[[File: Georgist.png]] Geoism<br>
[[File:Georgist.png]] Geoism<br>
[[File:Geokitty.png]] Geokitty/Geocat<br>
[[File:Geokitty.png]] Geokitty/Geocat<br>
[[File:GeorgistAlt.png]] Single Tax Movement<br>
[[File:GeorgistAlt.png]] Single Tax Movement<br>
Line 19: Line 19:
[[File:Soc-h.png]] Socialism according to [[File:Gravelism.png]] [[Social Libertarianism#Libertarian Social Democracy|The Gravel Institute]]<br>
[[File:Soc-h.png]] Socialism according to [[File:Gravelism.png]] [[Social Libertarianism#Libertarian Social Democracy|The Gravel Institute]]<br>
[[File:Capindecay.png]] Capitalism's Last Ditch (by [[File:Karl_Marx.png]] [[Marxism|Karl Marx]])<br>
[[File:Capindecay.png]] Capitalism's Last Ditch (by [[File:Karl_Marx.png]] [[Marxism|Karl Marx]])<br>
[[File:Christeco.png]] Social Gospel (By [[file:ProtTheo.png]] [[Protestant Theocracy|Charles Oliver Brown]])
[[File:Christeco.png]] Social Gospel (By [[File:ProtTheo.png]] [[Protestant Theocracy|Charles Oliver Brown]])
}}
}}
|alignments=
|alignments=
Line 31: Line 31:
[[File:CentreLibLeft.png]] [[:Category:Centrists|Centre]]-[[:Category:Libertarian Left|LibLeft]] ([[File:Freiwirtschaft.png]] Freiwirtschaf)<br>
[[File:CentreLibLeft.png]] [[:Category:Centrists|Centre]]-[[:Category:Libertarian Left|LibLeft]] ([[File:Freiwirtschaft.png]] Freiwirtschaf)<br>
}}
}}
|influences =  
|influences=
[[File:NatProg.png]] [[Bull Moose Progressivism]]<br>
[[File:NatProg.png]] [[Bull Moose Progressivism]]<br>
[[File: Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism]]<br>
[[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism]]<br>
[[File:TLeveller.png]] [[Diggerism]]<br>
[[File:TLeveller.png]] [[Diggerism]]<br>
[[File: Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy]]<br>
[[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy]]<br>
[[File: Ricardosoc.png]] [[Ricardian Socialism]]<br>
[[File:Ricardosoc.png]] [[Ricardian Socialism]]<br>
|variants=
|variants=
*[[File:Freiwirtschaft.png]] '''Freiwirtschaft''' {{Collapse|
*[[File:Freiwirtschaft.png]] '''Freiwirtschaft''' {{Collapse|
Line 48: Line 48:
[[File:Socgeo.png]] [[Social Georgism]]<br>
[[File:Socgeo.png]] [[Social Georgism]]<br>
[[File:Angeo.png]] [[Geoanarchism]]<br>
[[File:Angeo.png]] [[Geoanarchism]]<br>
[[File: 3princ.png]] [[Tridemism]] [[File: 3princ-col.png]]<br>
[[File:3princ.png]] [[Tridemism]] [[File:3princ-col.png]]<br>
[[File:Steinval.png]] [[Steiner-Vallentyne School]]<br>
[[File:Steinval.png]] [[Steiner-Vallentyne School]]<br>
[[File:Chilib.png]] [[Chicago School]]<br>
[[File:Chilib.png]] [[Chicago School]]<br>
[[File:Neoliberal-icon.png]] [[Neoliberalism]]<br>
[[File:Neoliberal-icon.png]] [[Neoliberalism]]<br>
[[File: NatProg-0.png]] [[Bull Moose Progressivism]]<br>
[[File:NatProg-0.png]] [[Bull Moose Progressivism]]<br>
[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]]<br>
[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]]<br>
[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]] (Early on, Europe)<br>
[[File:Soclib.png]] [[Social Liberalism]] (Early on, Europe)<br>
[[File:Nordmodel.png]] [[Nordic Model]]<br>
[[File:Nordmodel.png]] [[Nordic Model]]<br>
[[File:Fabian.png]] [[Fabian Socialism]]
[[File:Fabian.png]] [[Fabian Socialism]]<br>
[[File:Nrx.png]] [[Neoreactionaryism]]<br>
}}
}}
|song=[https://www.reddit.com/r/georgism/comments/gmnf8l/land_songs_for_the_people_land_monopoly_must_clear/ Land monopoly must clear!]
|song=[https://www.reddit.com/r/georgism/comments/gmnf8l/land_songs_for_the_people_land_monopoly_must_clear/ Land monopoly must clear!]
Line 68: Line 69:
[[File:Geokitty.png]] Cats<br>
[[File:Geokitty.png]] Cats<br>
[[File:Geokitty.png]] [[File:Gigachad.png]] People seeing cats<br>
[[File:Geokitty.png]] [[File:Gigachad.png]] People seeing cats<br>
[[File:GeoClib.png]] Henry George<br>
[[File:HenryGeorge.png]] Henry George<br>
[[File:Sun Yat-Sen.png]] Sun Yat-Sen<br>
[[File:Sun Yat-Sen.png]] Sun Yat-Sen<br>
[[File:Church.png]] Winston Churchill<br>
[[File:Church.png]] Winston Churchill<br>
[[File:Corbynism-ball.png]] Jeremy Corbyn
[[File:Corbynism-ball.png]] Jeremy Corbyn
|dislikes =[[File:Timocracy.png]] Landlords<br>
|dislikes=[[File:Timocracy.png]] Landlords<br>
[[File:CronyCap.png]] Rent-seekers<br>
[[File:CronyCap.png]] Rent-seekers<br>
[[File:Monarch.png]] Hereditary Peers<br>
[[File:Monarch.png]] Hereditary Peers<br>
[[File:Geokitty.png]] [[File:Soyjak.png]] People Not seeing cats
[[File:Geokitty.png]] [[File:Soyjak.png]] People Not seeing cats
|theorists =[[File:PanAmer.png]] '''Americas''' {{Collapse|
|theorists=[[File:PanAmer.png]] '''Americas''' {{Collapse|
*[[File:Hayes.png]] [[Mediocracy|Rutherford B. Hayes]] (1822-1893) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Hayes.png]] [[Mediocracy|Rutherford B. Hayes]] (1822-1893) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:GeoClib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Henry George]] (1839-1897) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:HenryGeorge.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Henry George]] (1839-1897) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Antiimp.png]] [[Radicalism|Jose Marti]] (1853-1895) [[File:Cball-Cuba.png]] Cuba
*[[File:Antiimp.png]] [[Radicalism|Jose Marti]] (1853-1895) [[File:Cball-Cuba.png]] Cuba
*[[File:Pragmat.png]] [[Machiavellianism|John]] [[Social Liberalism|Dewey]] (1859-1952) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:PacFem.png]] [[Pacifist Feminism|Jane Addams]] (1860-1935) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Walter Rauschenbusch]] (1861-1918) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Cdem.png]] [[Christian Democracy|Walter Rauschenbusch]] (1861-1918) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:CapitalistFordism.png]] [[Corporatocracy|Henry Ford]] (1863-1947) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Whitesup.png]] [[White Nationalism|Monteiro Lobato]] (1882-1948) [[File:Cball-Brazil.png]] Brazil
*[[File:Chilib.png]] [[Chicago School|Milton Friedman]] (1912-2006) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Chilib.png]] [[Chicago School|Milton Friedman]] (1912-2006) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Neobert.png]] [[Neo-Libertarianism|William F. Buckley Jr.]] (1925-2008) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
*[[File:Neobert.png]] [[Neo-Libertarianism|William F. Buckley Jr.]] (1925-2008) [[File:Cball-US.png]] USA
Line 89: Line 94:
}}
}}
[[File:Cball-Commonwealth.png]] '''Commonwealth Realm''' {{Collapse|
[[File:Cball-Commonwealth.png]] '''Commonwealth Realm''' {{Collapse|
*[[File:Scientocracy Small.png]] [[Scientocracy|Alfred Russel Wallace]] (1823-1913) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK
*[[File:Church.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Winston Churchill]] (1874-1965) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK
*[[File:Church.png]] [[Conservative Liberalism|Winston Churchill]] (1874-1965) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK
*[[File:BertrandRussel.png]] [[Liberal Socialism|Bertrand Russell]] (1875-1970) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] UK
*[[File:Afrsoc.png]] [[African Socialism|Joshua Nkomo]] (1917-1999) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] Rhodesia Charter/[[File:Cball-Zimbabwe.png]] Republic of Zimbabwe
*[[File:Afrsoc.png]] [[African Socialism|Joshua Nkomo]] (1917-1999) [[File:Cball-UK.png]] Rhodesia Charter/[[File:Cball-Zimbabwe.png]] Republic of Zimbabwe
*[[File:Steinval.png]] [[Steiner-Vallentyne School|Hillel Steiner]] (1942-) [[File:Cball-Canada.png]] Canada
*[[File:Steinval.png]] [[Steiner-Vallentyne School|Hillel Steiner]] (1942-) [[File:Cball-Canada.png]] Canada
Line 98: Line 105:
[[File:Cball-EU.png]] '''Europe''' {{Collapse|
[[File:Cball-EU.png]] '''Europe''' {{Collapse|
*[[File:Tolstoy.png]] [[Christian Anarchism|Leo Tolstoy]] (1828-1910) [[File:Cball-Russia.png]] Russian Empire
*[[File:Tolstoy.png]] [[Christian Anarchism|Leo Tolstoy]] (1828-1910) [[File:Cball-Russia.png]] Russian Empire
*[[File:Freiwirtschaft.png]] [[Mutualism|Johann Silvio Gesell]] (1862-1930) [[File:Cball-GermanEmpire.png]] German Empire/[[File:Cball-Argentina.png]] Argentina
*[[File:Einstein.png]] [[Scientocracy|Albert Einstein]] (1879-1955) [[File:Cball-GermanEmpire.png]] German Empire
*[[File:Einstein.png]] [[Scientocracy|Albert Einstein]] (1879-1955) [[File:Cball-GermanEmpire.png]] German Empire
}}
}}
Line 114: Line 122:
While his views on land rights and natural resource ownership are very collectivist, to combat unjust inequality, most of his other views are liberal and relatively individualistic, focusing on creating efficiency in the economy so that wealth and prosperity can be created. In this way, he is similar to many other [[File:Cap.png]] capitalist ideologies, though with the major difference of land ownership.
While his views on land rights and natural resource ownership are very collectivist, to combat unjust inequality, most of his other views are liberal and relatively individualistic, focusing on creating efficiency in the economy so that wealth and prosperity can be created. In this way, he is similar to many other [[File:Cap.png]] capitalist ideologies, though with the major difference of land ownership.


His father [[File: Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy]] was quite old and absent when he was born, so he was mostly brought up by his uncle [[File: Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism]].
His father [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy]] was quite old and absent when he was born, so he was mostly brought up by his uncle [[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism]].


Of all his cousins, he's generally on best terms with [[File: Lib.png]] [[Liberalism]]; but he also tries to keep friendly with [[File: Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]] and [[File: Soc.png]] [[Socialism]] even though they seldom leave room for his views, especially when they're in the same room together...
Of all his cousins, he's generally on best terms with [[File:Lib.png]] [[Liberalism]]; but he also tries to keep friendly with [[File:Cap.png]] [[Capitalism]] and [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism]] even though they seldom leave room for his views, especially when they're in the same room together...


== History ==
==History==
[[w:Georgism|Georgism]] is named after the American journalist and political economist [[w:Henry_George|Henry George]] (1839 - 1897). The defining theories and policies of Georgism stem from Henry George's 1879 book, [[w:Progress_and_Poverty|Progress and Poverty]], which sold more than any other book in the US except the Bible during the 1890s. In this book, George sought to find the reason why poverty persists even when wealth increases and technology advances; coming to the conclusion that private extraction of rents from [[w:Land_(economics)|land]] is the main culprit keeping down both profits/interest from capital and wages from labor.
[[w:Georgism|Georgism]] is named after the American journalist and political economist [[w:Henry_George|Henry George]] (1839 - 1897). The defining theories and policies of Georgism stem from Henry George's 1879 book, [[w:Progress_and_Poverty|Progress and Poverty]], which sold more than any other book in the US except the Bible during the 1890s. In this book, George sought to find the reason why poverty persists even when wealth increases and technology advances; coming to the conclusion that private extraction of rents from [[w:Land_(economics)|land]] is the main culprit keeping down both profits/interest from capital and wages from labor.


Henry George is considered one of the last [[w:Classical_economics|classical economists]], largely building on the foundation of [[File: Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Classical Liberals]] such as [[w:Adam_Smith|Adam Smith]] and [[w:John_Stuart_Mill|John Stuart Mill]]. It was observed by them that a tax on what they called "ground-rents" and "the ordinary rent of land", the [[w:Economic_rent|economic rent]] from location and natural resources, was the most just and efficient form of taxation, and this notion was followed by Henry George to its logical conclusion: replacing all other taxes with a tax on ground/land rents, i.e. a [[w:Land_value_tax|land value tax]].
Henry George is considered one of the last [[w:Classical_economics|classical economists]], largely building on the foundation of [[File:Clib.png]] [[Classical Liberalism|Classical Liberals]] such as [[w:Adam_Smith|Adam Smith]] and [[w:John_Stuart_Mill|John Stuart Mill]]. It was observed by them that a tax on what they called "ground-rents" and "the ordinary rent of land", the [[w:Economic_rent|economic rent]] from location and natural resources, was the most just and efficient form of taxation, and this notion was followed by Henry George to its logical conclusion: replacing all other taxes with a tax on ground/land rents, i.e. a [[w:Land_value_tax|land value tax]].


The movement itself is said to be much older than George, and a long list of economists, political figures, agitators, and land reformers are considered fore-runners: From the [[w:Gracchi|Gracchi brothers]] of the [[File: Res_Publica.png]] [[Roman Republicanism|Roman Republic]] to the [[w:Diggers|Diggers]] of England, the [[File: Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Physiocrats]] of France, and other [[File: Monkeyzz-Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]] thinkers such as [[w:Thomas_Paine|Thomas Paine]] with his [[w:Agrarian_Justice|Agrarian Justice]] and the concept of a [[w:Citizen%27s_dividend|citizen's dividend]]. Several [[File: Farm.png]] [[Agrarianism|Agrarian]] [[w:List_of_peasant_revolts|revolts]] around the world also reflect the struggle against private enclosure of common land and disproportionate taxation (such as [[w:Poll_tax|poll tax]]) upon tenants, the poor, and working people - with tax exemption and other privileges for the landed nobility and rich landowners. Henry George is, for the Georgists, the pinnacle of this movement for land reform and economic justice. Some modern proponents prefer to use the term "Geoism" to broaden the scope. Coincidentally "Geo-" in both cases comes from the Ancient Greek word for earth/land.
The movement itself is said to be much older than George, and a long list of economists, political figures, agitators, and land reformers are considered fore-runners: From the [[w:Gracchi|Gracchi brothers]] of the [[File:Res_Publica.png]] [[Roman Republicanism|Roman Republic]] to the [[w:Diggers|Diggers]] of England, the [[File:Physiocracypix.png]] [[Physiocracy|Physiocrats]] of France, and other [[File:Enlightenment.png]] [[Enlightenment Thought]] thinkers such as [[w:Thomas_Paine|Thomas Paine]] with his [[w:Agrarian_Justice|Agrarian Justice]] and the concept of a [[w:Citizen%27s_dividend|citizen's dividend]]. Several [[File:Farm.png]] [[Agrarianism|Agrarian]] [[w:List_of_peasant_revolts|revolts]] around the world also reflect the struggle against private enclosure of common land and disproportionate taxation (such as [[w:Poll_tax|poll tax]]) upon tenants, the poor, and working people - with tax exemption and other privileges for the landed nobility and rich landowners. Henry George is, for the Georgists, the pinnacle of this movement for land reform and economic justice. Some modern proponents prefer to use the term "Geoism" to broaden the scope. Coincidentally "Geo-" in both cases comes from the Ancient Greek word for earth/land.
[[File:Georgistcat.png|thumb|222px|[https://hgarchives.org/historical-collections-2/the-henry-george-birthplace-portrait-textile-and-artifact-collection/single-tax-campaign-buttons-circa-1897/ Campaign button from the 1890s]. [https://lvtfan.typepad.com/lvtfans_blog/2020/05/seeing-the-cat.html Seeing the Cat]]]
[[File:Georgistcat.png|thumb|222px|[https://hgarchives.org/historical-collections-2/the-henry-george-birthplace-portrait-textile-and-artifact-collection/single-tax-campaign-buttons-circa-1897/ Campaign button from the 1890s]. [https://lvtfan.typepad.com/lvtfans_blog/2020/05/seeing-the-cat.html Seeing the Cat]]]
Historically Georgism spread around the whole world, with important proponents in the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.
Historically Georgism spread around the whole world, with important proponents in the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.


Henry George himself became a political figure, running twice for mayor of New York City, in 1886 and 1898, being runner-up the first time (though in front of future president Teddy Roosevelt) and suffering from a fatal stroke in 1897 during his second campaign. Many of his early supporters styled themselves "Single Taxers" since it was envisioned that the land value tax would replace all other taxes. For a short period of time during the end of the 19th century, the Single Tax movement dominated the political labor associations in the United States, but it was largely supplanted by the [[File: Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism|Marxist]] ideology as this came to be generally accepted as the true form of [[File: Soc.png]] [[Socialism]] both in the US and elsewhere.
Henry George himself became a political figure, running twice for mayor of New York City, in 1886 and 1898, being runner-up the first time (though in front of future president Teddy Roosevelt) and suffering from a fatal stroke in 1897 during his second campaign. Many of his early supporters styled themselves "Single Taxers" since it was envisioned that the land value tax would replace all other taxes. For a short period of time during the end of the 19th century, the Single Tax movement dominated the political labor associations in the United States, but it was largely supplanted by the [[File:Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism|Marxist]] ideology as this came to be generally accepted as the true form of [[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism]] both in the US and elsewhere.


In the UK, both the Labour Party and the Liberal Democrats (more specifically the predecessor, the Liberal Party) have a history of support for land value taxation, especially during the first half of the 20th century. In a [https://books.google.dk/books?id=9rzhBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT6&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=3#v=onepage&q=Henry%20George&f=false 1906 survey], Henry George was listed as the favourite author of 12 Labour MPs, coming in at a 5th place after authors such as Charles Dickens and "The Bible", and with nobody listing [[File: Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism|Karl Marx]]. The British [[File: Lib.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Liberal]] support for Georgism peaked with the famous [[w:People%27s_Budget|People's Budget]] including a land value tax, which lead to a constitutional crisis due to the resistance of the House of Lords, the majority [[File:Con-t.png]] [[Conservatism|Conservative]] landowners being strongly opposed to such a tax. The budget was eventually forced through, and as a result the House of Lords lost its power to veto budgets - but only after two general elections in 1910. The land value tax was never fully implemented however, since it was at first stalled (among other things by the First World War) and then cancelled by the coalition government in 1920.
In the UK, both the Labour Party and the Liberal Democrats (more specifically the predecessor, the Liberal Party) have a history of support for land value taxation, especially during the first half of the 20th century. In a [https://books.google.dk/books?id=9rzhBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT6&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=3#v=onepage&q=Henry%20George&f=false 1906 survey], Henry George was listed as the favourite author of 12 Labour MPs, coming in at a 5th place after authors such as Charles Dickens and "The Bible", and with nobody listing [[File:Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism|Karl Marx]]. The British [[File:Lib.png]] [[Social Liberalism|Liberal]] support for Georgism peaked with the famous [[w:People%27s_Budget|People's Budget]] including a land value tax, which lead to a constitutional crisis due to the resistance of the House of Lords, the majority [[File:Con-t.png]] [[Conservatism|Conservative]] landowners being strongly opposed to such a tax. The budget was eventually forced through, and as a result the House of Lords lost its power to veto budgets - but only after two general elections in 1910. The land value tax was never fully implemented however, since it was at first stalled (among other things by the First World War) and then cancelled by the coalition government in 1920.


In China the third principle of Sun Yat-sen's [[File: 3princ.png]] [[Tridemism]] [[File:3princ-col.png]] was based on a land value tax directly inspired by Henry George's writings, and the [[w:Kuomintang|Kuomintang]] brought this with them to Taiwan, where it's still upheld.
In China the third principle of Sun Yat-sen's [[File:3princ.png]] [[Tridemism]] [[File:3princ-col.png]] was based on a land value tax directly inspired by Henry George's writings, and the [[w:Kuomintang|Kuomintang]] brought this with them to Taiwan, where it's still upheld.


There have been several other Georgist parties around the world since then, however, most of them only gaining little support. [[w:Justice_Party_of_Denmark|The Justice Party]] of [[File: Nordmodel.png]] [[Nordic Model|Denmark]] was the most successful, with their highest result being 8.2% of the national votes in 1950, gaining 12 seats in the Danish parliament. The movement in Denmark resulted in a land value tax being introduced in 1920, which is still being levied (though today only at low rates and at municipality level). The only current Georgist party in the UK is the [http://www.yppuk.org/ Young People's Party], though there are several political movements in the English speaking world, including the UK based [http://www.labourland.org/ Labour Land Campaign] and [https://libdemsalter.org.uk/en/ LibDems ALTER].
There have been several other Georgist parties around the world since then, however, most of them only gaining little support. [[w:Justice_Party_of_Denmark|The Justice Party]] of [[File:Nordmodel.png]] [[Nordic Model|Denmark]] was the most successful, with their highest result being 8.2% of the national votes in 1950, gaining 12 seats in the Danish parliament. The movement in Denmark resulted in a land value tax being introduced in 1920, which is still being levied (though today only at low rates and at municipality level). The only current Georgist party in the UK is the [http://www.yppuk.org/ Young People's Party], though there are several political movements in the English speaking world, including the UK based [http://www.labourland.org/ Labour Land Campaign] and [https://libdemsalter.org.uk/en/ LibDems ALTER].


Many current Georgist movements and organisations such as the UK based [https://www.henrygeorgefoundation.org/ Henry George Foundation] with its [https://www.landandliberty.net/ Land&Liberty] publication, the [https://hgfa.org.au/ Henry George Foundation of Australia], the New York based [https://www.hgsss.org/ Henry George School of Social Science], and the [https://schalkenbach.org/ Robert Schalkenbach Foundation] aren't linked to specific political parties, rather trying to spread knowledge about Henry George's ideas and campaign for land value taxation across the political divides.
Many current Georgist movements and organisations such as the UK based [https://www.henrygeorgefoundation.org/ Henry George Foundation] with its [https://www.landandliberty.net/ Land&Liberty] publication, the [https://hgfa.org.au/ Henry George Foundation of Australia], the New York based [https://www.hgsss.org/ Henry George School of Social Science], and the [https://schalkenbach.org/ Robert Schalkenbach Foundation] aren't linked to specific political parties, rather trying to spread knowledge about Henry George's ideas and campaign for land value taxation across the political divides.
Line 139: Line 147:
Of modern economist proponents of Henry George's ideas the most prominent are [https://masongaffney.org/ Mason Gaffney] and the two Nobel laureates, [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2001/stiglitz/biographical/ Joseph Stiglitz] and [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1996/vickrey/biographical/ William Vickrey]. There's also been notable support for land value taxation from the editorials and chief commentators of [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZQkb1qpkC8 Financial Times] and [https://www.economist.com/briefing/2018/08/09/the-time-may-be-right-for-land-value-taxes The Economist].
Of modern economist proponents of Henry George's ideas the most prominent are [https://masongaffney.org/ Mason Gaffney] and the two Nobel laureates, [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/2001/stiglitz/biographical/ Joseph Stiglitz] and [https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1996/vickrey/biographical/ William Vickrey]. There's also been notable support for land value taxation from the editorials and chief commentators of [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZQkb1qpkC8 Financial Times] and [https://www.economist.com/briefing/2018/08/09/the-time-may-be-right-for-land-value-taxes The Economist].


== Ideological Foundations ==
==Ideological Foundations==
Arguments for or against Georgism usually boil down to two forms of argument; Arguments regarding an inherent moral superiority of the system (deontological arguments) and arguments regarding the positive outcomes of the system (consequential arguments).
Arguments for or against Georgism usually boil down to two forms of argument; Arguments regarding an inherent moral superiority of the system (deontological arguments) and arguments regarding the positive outcomes of the system (consequential arguments).


=== Deontological Arguments ===
===Deontological Arguments===
Georgists generally believe that land naturally belongs to all people for a very simple reason: no one invented land, therefore nobody can claim a special monopoly on land or other natural resources found in land such as coal or various metals.
Georgists generally believe that land naturally belongs to all people for a very simple reason: no one invented land, therefore nobody can claim a special monopoly on land or other natural resources found in land such as coal or various metals.


Line 151: Line 159:
In short, no one invented land therefore you should pay a land value tax for the right to use the land you claim to own.
In short, no one invented land therefore you should pay a land value tax for the right to use the land you claim to own.


=== Consequential Arguments ===
===Consequential Arguments===


Georgists believe that implementation of a Land Value Tax would help with problems such as [[w:Speculation|Speculation]] and undeveloped land, and would allow us to cut down on other taxes.
Georgists believe that implementation of a Land Value Tax would help with problems such as [[w:Speculation|Speculation]] and undeveloped land, and would allow us to cut down on other taxes.
Line 163: Line 171:
In short, Georgists believe that a Land Value Tax would be able to cut rents, end Speculation and lower taxes.
In short, Georgists believe that a Land Value Tax would be able to cut rents, end Speculation and lower taxes.


== Personality ==
==Personality==
Georgism is generally open minded and has a friendly disposition - except when he is confronted by extremist [[File:Property.png]] [[Propertarianism|proprietarianists]]! While he is very skeptical towards landlords in general (still acknowledging the rent due for buildings as opposed to that which is derived from location) he truly hates real slumlords and other entirely unproductive and harmful rent-seekers. Other times that you might see him on edge is when he sees old privileges upheld by landed nobility...
Georgism is generally open minded and has a friendly disposition - except when he is confronted by extremist [[File:Property.png]] [[Propertarianism|proprietarianists]]! While he is very skeptical towards landlords in general (still acknowledging the rent due for buildings as opposed to that which is derived from location) he truly hates real slumlords and other entirely unproductive and harmful rent-seekers. Other times that you might see him on edge is when he sees old privileges upheld by landed nobility...


He may be found quite often more or less loudly advocating for his favourite economic remedy: Land Value Tax (LVT); but the virtues he describes will often depend on who he's trying to persuade - since, in his mind, these are so many and so great that anyone can potentially see the light (or [[File:Geokitty.png]] [http://www.henrygeorge.org/catsup.htm the cat], as he likes to express it).
He may be found quite often more or less loudly advocating for his favourite economic remedy: Land Value Tax (LVT); but the virtues he describes will often depend on who he's trying to persuade - since, in his mind, these are so many and so great that anyone can potentially see the light (or [[File:Geokitty.png]] [http://www.henrygeorge.org/catsup.htm the cat], as he likes to express it).


== How To Draw ==
==How To Draw==
The Georgist flag-based design is a diagonal bicolor of yellow (or Gold) and green. The former represents wealth and free trade, while green represents the land and natural resources.
The Georgist flag-based design is a diagonal bicolor of yellow (or Gold) and green. The former represents wealth and free trade, while green represents the land and natural resources.
{{Flag|Georgism_flag.svg}}
{{Flag|Georgism_flag.svg}}
Line 181: Line 189:


{{Flag-auto
{{Flag-auto
|c1 = Green
|c1=Green
|h1 = #0ED145
|h1=#0ED145
|c2 = Gold
|c2=Gold
|h2 = #FFDA2B
|h2=#FFDA2B
}}
}}


== Relationships ==
==Relationships==


=== Friends ===
===Friends===
*[[File: Geolib.png]] [[Geolibertarianism]] - Ah yes, my more uncompromising son; not so fond of our statist left-wing family members.
*[[File:Geolib.png]] [[Geolibertarianism]] - Ah yes, my more uncompromising son; not so fond of our statist left-wing family members.
*[[File: Angeo.png]] [[Geoanarchism]] - Opposes the state even more than his brother. ''Wait, son, how are you going to tax the land without a state? Nevermind, it's the intention that counts.''
*[[File:Angeo.png]] [[Geoanarchism]] - Opposes the state even more than his brother. ''Wait, son, how are you going to tax the land without a state? Nevermind, it's the intention that counts.''
*[[File: Socgeo.png]] [[Social Georgism]] - Hmhmhm... Should we spend it all on welfare?
*[[File:Socgeo.png]] [[Social Georgism]] - Hmhmhm... Should we spend it all on welfare?
*[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]] - Same as the above, not the worst policies to operate.
*[[File:Socliber.png]] [[Social Libertarianism]] - Same as the above, not the worst policies to operate.
*[[File:GeoSynd.png]] [[Geosyndicalism]] - Yes, organize the tenants and teach them about LVT!
*[[File:GeoSynd.png]] [[Geosyndicalism]] - Yes, organize the tenants and teach them about LVT!
Line 210: Line 218:
*[[File:Zio.png]] [[Zionism]] - Herzl was a fan of mine. Just imagine how much revenue would you gain from taxing... the Holy Land *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRs0OqV4uSc punchline drum]*.
*[[File:Zio.png]] [[Zionism]] - Herzl was a fan of mine. Just imagine how much revenue would you gain from taxing... the Holy Land *[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fRs0OqV4uSc punchline drum]*.


=== Frenemies ===
===Frenemies===
*[[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism]] - ''"The ideal of socialism is grand and noble. I am convinced it is possible to achieve. But such a state of society cannot be manufactured—it must grow. Society is an organism, not a machine. It can live only by the individual life of its parts. In the free and natural development of all its parts, the harmony of the whole will be secured."''
*[[File:Soc-h.png]] [[Socialism]] - ''"The ideal of socialism is grand and noble. I am convinced it is possible to achieve. But such a state of society cannot be manufactured—it must grow. Society is an organism, not a machine. It can live only by the individual life of its parts. In the free and natural development of all its parts, the harmony of the whole will be secured."''
*[[File:Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism]] - Hates landlords but doesn't properly distinguish between land and capital. Also called me ''[[File:Cap.png]] [https://merionwest.com/2019/06/02/through-letters-the-gap-between-henry-george-and-karl-marx/ Capitalism's last ditch]''.
*[[File:Ormarxf.png]] [[Marxism]] - Hates landlords but doesn't properly distinguish between land and capital. Also called me ''[[File:Cap.png]] [https://merionwest.com/2019/06/02/through-letters-the-gap-between-henry-george-and-karl-marx/ Capitalism's last ditch]''.
Line 221: Line 229:
*[[File:Anprim.png]] [[Anarcho-Primitivism]] - Hates land ownership too, but you definitely take things ''way'' too far. Not to mention you're just downright weird.
*[[File:Anprim.png]] [[Anarcho-Primitivism]] - Hates land ownership too, but you definitely take things ''way'' too far. Not to mention you're just downright weird.


=== Enemies ===
===Enemies===
*[[File:Ancapf.png]] [[Anarcho-Capitalism]] - Doesn't understand anything about LVT. Thinks owning and speculating in land is a [http://savingcommunities.org/docs/sullivan.dan/rothbardongeorge.html ''vital productive service''].
*[[File:Ancapf.png]] [[Anarcho-Capitalism]] - Doesn't understand anything about LVT. Thinks owning and speculating in land is a [http://savingcommunities.org/docs/sullivan.dan/rothbardongeorge.html ''vital productive service''].
*[[File:Hoppef.png]] [[Hoppeanism]] - Even worse than Anarcho-Capitalism.
*[[File:Hoppef.png]] [[Hoppeanism]] - Even worse than Anarcho-Capitalism.
Line 236: Line 244:
*[[File:Protect.png]] [[Protectionism]] - “What protection teaches us, is to do to ourselves in time of peace what enemies seek to do to us in time of war.”
*[[File:Protect.png]] [[Protectionism]] - “What protection teaches us, is to do to ourselves in time of peace what enemies seek to do to us in time of war.”


== Further Information ==
==Gallery==
 
===Portraits===
=== Literature ===
 
* [https://schalkenbach.org/henry-georges-works/ Collection of Henry George's writings] in various formats and editions.
 
==== Some of Henry George's major publications ====
 
* [https://archive.org/details/ourlandandlandp00georgoog/page/n3/mode/2up Our Land and Land Policy (1871)]
* [https://mises.org/library/progress-and-poverty Progress and Poverty (1879)] (Most famous work)
* [https://archive.org/details/landquestionwhat00geor_2/mode/2up The Land Question (1881)]
* [https://archive.org/details/socialproblems83geor/ Social Problems (1883)]
* [https://schalkenbach.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/The-Crime-of-Poverty.pdf The Crime of Poverty (1885)]
* [https://mises.org/library/protection-or-free-trade Protectionism or Free Trade? (1886)]
 
==== Books by other authors ====
* [https://archive.org/details/pioneersoflandre00londiala/ The Pioneers of Land Reform:] [[w:Thomas_Spence|Thomas Spence]], [[w:William_Ogilvie_of_Pittensear|William Ogilvie]], [[w:Thomas_Paine|Thomas Paine]]
* [https://archive.org/details/greatiniquity00tolsuoft/ A Great Iniquity (1905)] by [[File:Tolstoy.png]] [[Christian Anarchism|Leo Tolstoy]]
* [https://www.unitism.com/book/en/welcome Land: A New Paradigm for a Thriving World (2015)] by [https://www.progress.org/authors/martin-adams Martin Adams]
* [https://www.zedbooks.net/shop/book/rethinking-the-economics-of-land-and-housing/ Rethinking the Economics of Land and Housing (2017)] by [https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/public-purpose/people/josh-ryan-collins Josh Ryan-Collins], [https://blog.shelter.org.uk/author/toby_lloyd/ Toby Lloyd] and [https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/author/laurie-macfarlane-2/ Laurie Macfarlane]
* [https://www.canburypress.com/products/generation-rent-by-chloe-timperley Generation Rent (2020)] by [[File:Timperley.png]] [[Liberal Feminism|Chloe Timperley]]
 
=== Wikipedia ===
* [[w:Georgism|Georgism]]
* [[w:Land_value_tax|Land Value Tax]]
* [[w:Progress_and_Poverty|Progress and Poverty]]
* [[w:Henry_George|Henry George]]
* [[w:Single_tax|Single Tax]]
* [[w:Unearned_income|Unearned Income]]
* [[w:Value_capture|Value Capture]]
* [[w:Citizen%27s_dividend|Citizen's dividend]]
* [[w:Henry_George_theorem|Henry George theorem]]
* [[w:Lockean_proviso|Lockean Proviso]]
* [[w:Law_of_rent|Ricardo's Law of Rent]]
* [[w:Diggers|Diggers]]
 
=== Videos ===
==== Short (less than 10 minutes) ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Li_MGFRNqOE Georgism 101] by [[File:Neotech.png]] [[Technoliberalism|BritMonkey]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wpmtwDPEFw What is Georgism?] by the [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwVDFQufGJCeB9dHWpWTgcg Political Sextant]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3EmrqPfsJQ Georgism's One Tax Rule] by [[File:RT.png]] [[Mediacracy|RT]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEnq4bzpXoU How Georgism can fix the broken tax system] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiGKwi43R0Q Ground Rent and David Ricardo's Law of Rent] by [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmMd4bFn_1k0JjvOCijTB7A Nikolaj and Simon Talks]
 
==== Long (More than 10 minutes) ====
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thOyk_FrvMQ Understanding Economics: 10 - Henry George's Remedy] by [https://www.henrygeorge.org/bob/lessons-readings/ The Henry George Institute]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pYSsME_h7E Taxing Question of Land] by [https://www.youtube.com/user/TaxingQofLand TaxingQofLand]
* [http://realestate4ransom.com/ Real Estate 4 Ransom] by [https://www.prosper.org.au/ Prosper Australia]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpqtfMraJvU Henry George and The Single Tax] by [https://www.youtube.com/user/mikecbonner/ mikecbonner]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWyq9zq7qog Tolstoy and The Land Question] by [https://earthsharing.org/library/dodson-edward_henry-georges-influence-on-leo-tolstoy-1999/ Edward J. Dodson]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z6Ib0NnI_cw&t=6s What is Georgism/Geo-Libertarianism?] by [[File:Geolib.png]] [[Geolibertarianism|Omnizoa]]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6c5xjlmLfAw I found the least bad way to tax] by [[File:Radcent.png]] [[Radical Centrism|Mr Beat]]
 
=== Online Communities ===
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/georgism/ r/Georgism]
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/GeorgeDidNothingWrong/ r/GeorgeDidNothingWrong]
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/LandValueTax/ r/LandValueTax]
*[https://discord.gg/nmXgAyB Georgism Discord]
 
=== Gallery ===
==== Portraits ====
<gallery widths="185">
<gallery widths="185">
File:Georgism ball (cat flag).png|alt design
File:Georgism ball (cat flag).png|alt design
Line 306: Line 256:
</gallery>
</gallery>


==== Comics ====
===Comics===
<gallery widths="185" mode="slideshow">
<gallery widths="185" mode="slideshow">
GeorgeComic3-TheDwarvenGuy.png|Credit: u/TheDwarvenGuy, [https://www.reddit.com/r/Polcompball/comments/f77yus/georgism_ball_has_a_psa_on_landlords_rights/ Source]
GeorgeComic3-TheDwarvenGuy.png|Credit: u/TheDwarvenGuy, [https://www.reddit.com/r/Polcompball/comments/f77yus/georgism_ball_has_a_psa_on_landlords_rights/ Source]
Line 333: Line 283:
RandomRetard2137-9x9 Characters.png
RandomRetard2137-9x9 Characters.png
</gallery>
</gallery>
==Further Information==
===Literature===
*[https://schalkenbach.org/henry-georges-works/ Collection of Henry George's writings] in various formats and editions.
====Some of Henry George's major publications====
*[https://archive.org/details/ourlandandlandp00georgoog/page/n3/mode/2up Our Land and Land Policy (1871)]
*[https://mises.org/library/progress-and-poverty Progress and Poverty (1879)] (Most famous work)
*[https://archive.org/details/landquestionwhat00geor_2/mode/2up The Land Question (1881)]
*[https://archive.org/details/socialproblems83geor/ Social Problems (1883)]
*[https://schalkenbach.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/The-Crime-of-Poverty.pdf The Crime of Poverty (1885)]
*[https://mises.org/library/protection-or-free-trade Protectionism or Free Trade? (1886)]
====Books by other authors====
*[https://archive.org/details/pioneersoflandre00londiala/ The Pioneers of Land Reform:] [[w:Thomas_Spence|Thomas Spence]], [[w:William_Ogilvie_of_Pittensear|William Ogilvie]], [[w:Thomas_Paine|Thomas Paine]]
*[https://archive.org/details/greatiniquity00tolsuoft/ A Great Iniquity (1905)] by [[File:Tolstoy.png]] [[Christian Anarchism|Leo Tolstoy]]
*[https://www.unitism.com/book/en/welcome Land: A New Paradigm for a Thriving World (2015)] by [https://www.progress.org/authors/martin-adams Martin Adams]
*[https://www.zedbooks.net/shop/book/rethinking-the-economics-of-land-and-housing/ Rethinking the Economics of Land and Housing (2017)] by [https://www.ucl.ac.uk/bartlett/public-purpose/people/josh-ryan-collins Josh Ryan-Collins], [https://blog.shelter.org.uk/author/toby_lloyd/ Toby Lloyd] and [https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/author/laurie-macfarlane-2/ Laurie Macfarlane]
*[https://www.canburypress.com/products/generation-rent-by-chloe-timperley Generation Rent (2020)] by [[File:Timperley.png]] [[Liberal Feminism|Chloe Timperley]]
===Wikipedia===
*[[w:Georgism|Georgism]]
*[[w:Land_value_tax|Land Value Tax]]
*[[w:Progress_and_Poverty|Progress and Poverty]]
*[[w:Henry_George|Henry George]]
*[[w:Single_tax|Single Tax]]
*[[w:Unearned_income|Unearned Income]]
*[[w:Value_capture|Value Capture]]
*[[w:Citizen%27s_dividend|Citizen's dividend]]
*[[w:Henry_George_theorem|Henry George theorem]]
*[[w:Lockean_proviso|Lockean Proviso]]
*[[w:Law_of_rent|Ricardo's Law of Rent]]
*[[w:Diggers|Diggers]]
===Videos===
====Short (less than 10 minutes)====
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Li_MGFRNqOE Georgism 101] by [[File:Neotech.png]] [[Technoliberalism|BritMonkey]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3wpmtwDPEFw What is Georgism?] by the [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCwVDFQufGJCeB9dHWpWTgcg Political Sextant]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k3EmrqPfsJQ Georgism's One Tax Rule] by [[File:RT.png]] [[Mediacracy|RT]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEnq4bzpXoU How Georgism can fix the broken tax system] & [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jiGKwi43R0Q Ground Rent and David Ricardo's Law of Rent] by [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmMd4bFn_1k0JjvOCijTB7A Nikolaj and Simon Talks]
====Long (More than 10 minutes)====
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=thOyk_FrvMQ Understanding Economics: 10 - Henry George's Remedy] by [https://www.henrygeorge.org/bob/lessons-readings/ The Henry George Institute]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pYSsME_h7E Taxing Question of Land] by [https://www.youtube.com/user/TaxingQofLand TaxingQofLand]
*[http://realestate4ransom.com/ Real Estate 4 Ransom] by [https://www.prosper.org.au/ Prosper Australia]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpqtfMraJvU Henry George and The Single Tax] by [https://www.youtube.com/user/mikecbonner/ mikecbonner]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWyq9zq7qog Tolstoy and The Land Question] by [https://earthsharing.org/library/dodson-edward_henry-georges-influence-on-leo-tolstoy-1999/ Edward J. Dodson]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z6Ib0NnI_cw&t=6s What is Georgism/Geo-Libertarianism?] by [[File:Geolib.png]] [[Geolibertarianism|Omnizoa]]
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6c5xjlmLfAw I found the least bad way to tax] by [[File:Radcent.png]] [[Radical Centrism|Mr Beat]]
===Online Communities===
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/georgism/ r/Georgism]
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/GeorgeDidNothingWrong/ r/GeorgeDidNothingWrong]
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/LandValueTax/ r/LandValueTax]
*[https://discord.gg/nmXgAyB Georgism Discord]
===Notes===
{{Reflist|group=Note}}


===References===
===References===

Latest revision as of 23:03, 29 February 2024

Georgism, also called Geoism, is an economically centrist, generally culturally center-left, and moderately libertarian ideology that is typically placed in the lower middle of the political compass.

Georgism seeks to achieve justice, prosperity, and progress through a fair distribution of economic rent and the annihilation of deadweight loss from inefficient taxes and harmful monopolies. He believes that there should only be one tax, being the land value tax. He views property rights as only extending to the properties of labor and capital, and since land is neither, it's free real estate. Though his main bit is only having one tax, he also generally supports free markets and free trade, and he sometimes promotes a citizen's dividend and pollution taxes, as a treat.

Overall, his ideology is centered around land & its distribution; his beliefs are often summed up with the phrase (usually in all caps) "landlords don't have rights", though this is an exaggeration. A more accurate phrase would be “no one has the right to be a landlord”.

While his views on land rights and natural resource ownership are very collectivist, to combat unjust inequality, most of his other views are liberal and relatively individualistic, focusing on creating efficiency in the economy so that wealth and prosperity can be created. In this way, he is similar to many other Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination capitalist ideologies, though with the major difference of land ownership.

His father Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Physiocracy was quite old and absent when he was born, so he was mostly brought up by his uncle Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Classical Liberalism.

Of all his cousins, he's generally on best terms with Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Liberalism; but he also tries to keep friendly with Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Capitalism and Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Socialism even though they seldom leave room for his views, especially when they're in the same room together...

History

Georgism is named after the American journalist and political economist Henry George (1839 - 1897). The defining theories and policies of Georgism stem from Henry George's 1879 book, Progress and Poverty, which sold more than any other book in the US except the Bible during the 1890s. In this book, George sought to find the reason why poverty persists even when wealth increases and technology advances; coming to the conclusion that private extraction of rents from land is the main culprit keeping down both profits/interest from capital and wages from labor.

Henry George is considered one of the last classical economists, largely building on the foundation of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Classical Liberals such as Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill. It was observed by them that a tax on what they called "ground-rents" and "the ordinary rent of land", the economic rent from location and natural resources, was the most just and efficient form of taxation, and this notion was followed by Henry George to its logical conclusion: replacing all other taxes with a tax on ground/land rents, i.e. a land value tax.

The movement itself is said to be much older than George, and a long list of economists, political figures, agitators, and land reformers are considered fore-runners: From the Gracchi brothers of the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Roman Republic to the Diggers of England, the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Physiocrats of France, and other Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Enlightenment Thought thinkers such as Thomas Paine with his Agrarian Justice and the concept of a citizen's dividend. Several Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Agrarian revolts around the world also reflect the struggle against private enclosure of common land and disproportionate taxation (such as poll tax) upon tenants, the poor, and working people - with tax exemption and other privileges for the landed nobility and rich landowners. Henry George is, for the Georgists, the pinnacle of this movement for land reform and economic justice. Some modern proponents prefer to use the term "Geoism" to broaden the scope. Coincidentally "Geo-" in both cases comes from the Ancient Greek word for earth/land.

Campaign button from the 1890s. Seeing the Cat

Historically Georgism spread around the whole world, with important proponents in the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Oceania.

Henry George himself became a political figure, running twice for mayor of New York City, in 1886 and 1898, being runner-up the first time (though in front of future president Teddy Roosevelt) and suffering from a fatal stroke in 1897 during his second campaign. Many of his early supporters styled themselves "Single Taxers" since it was envisioned that the land value tax would replace all other taxes. For a short period of time during the end of the 19th century, the Single Tax movement dominated the political labor associations in the United States, but it was largely supplanted by the Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Marxist ideology as this came to be generally accepted as the true form of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Socialism both in the US and elsewhere.

In the UK, both the Labour Party and the Liberal Democrats (more specifically the predecessor, the Liberal Party) have a history of support for land value taxation, especially during the first half of the 20th century. In a 1906 survey, Henry George was listed as the favourite author of 12 Labour MPs, coming in at a 5th place after authors such as Charles Dickens and "The Bible", and with nobody listing Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Karl Marx. The British Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Liberal support for Georgism peaked with the famous People's Budget including a land value tax, which lead to a constitutional crisis due to the resistance of the House of Lords, the majority Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Conservative landowners being strongly opposed to such a tax. The budget was eventually forced through, and as a result the House of Lords lost its power to veto budgets - but only after two general elections in 1910. The land value tax was never fully implemented however, since it was at first stalled (among other things by the First World War) and then cancelled by the coalition government in 1920.

In China the third principle of Sun Yat-sen's Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Tridemism Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination was based on a land value tax directly inspired by Henry George's writings, and the Kuomintang brought this with them to Taiwan, where it's still upheld.

There have been several other Georgist parties around the world since then, however, most of them only gaining little support. The Justice Party of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Denmark was the most successful, with their highest result being 8.2% of the national votes in 1950, gaining 12 seats in the Danish parliament. The movement in Denmark resulted in a land value tax being introduced in 1920, which is still being levied (though today only at low rates and at municipality level). The only current Georgist party in the UK is the Young People's Party, though there are several political movements in the English speaking world, including the UK based Labour Land Campaign and LibDems ALTER.

Many current Georgist movements and organisations such as the UK based Henry George Foundation with its Land&Liberty publication, the Henry George Foundation of Australia, the New York based Henry George School of Social Science, and the Robert Schalkenbach Foundation aren't linked to specific political parties, rather trying to spread knowledge about Henry George's ideas and campaign for land value taxation across the political divides.

Of modern economist proponents of Henry George's ideas the most prominent are Mason Gaffney and the two Nobel laureates, Joseph Stiglitz and William Vickrey. There's also been notable support for land value taxation from the editorials and chief commentators of Financial Times and The Economist.

Ideological Foundations

Arguments for or against Georgism usually boil down to two forms of argument; Arguments regarding an inherent moral superiority of the system (deontological arguments) and arguments regarding the positive outcomes of the system (consequential arguments).

Deontological Arguments

Georgists generally believe that land naturally belongs to all people for a very simple reason: no one invented land, therefore nobody can claim a special monopoly on land or other natural resources found in land such as coal or various metals.

Georgists often compare land and oxygen/air in the sense that nobody invented it as it is a natural resource. If we have established that nobody invented air we therefore should naturally accept that nobody should be given special monopiles over the air we breathe since no one invented it, it follows that this should also apply to land — a resource that, much like air, no one has invented and therefore no one can claim special ownership or monopoly rights too.

Therefore if you wish to own land and keep the general population off your land, Georgists propose you should pay a LVT (Land Value Tax) for the privilege of owning that land and it's resources. As opposed to just hoarding a monopoly on a item which you did not invent and therefore can claim no special privilege too.

In short, no one invented land therefore you should pay a land value tax for the right to use the land you claim to own.

Consequential Arguments

Georgists believe that implementation of a Land Value Tax would help with problems such as Speculation and undeveloped land, and would allow us to cut down on other taxes.

Georgists believe that because an LVT taxes unimproved land, Land Hoarders who just buy land and wait for it to become more expensive as time goes on without improving it will be taxed on the value of that land completely, giving them no profit. And because landlords have an incentive to make money, they’ll have to actually develop and improve their land.

Georgists also believe that a Land Value Tax would put down rents and housing costs. Since unused space would be taxed, landlords and developers would have an extra incentive to create more housing on said unused space, which would increase supply and lower prices.

And of course because it inherently put money into the government, Georgists believe that this money should be redistributed to the people in some way. Originally, Henry George believed that an LVT would be able to abolish all other taxes[1], as well as providing Public Transportation and a UBI, but most Georgists think his belief was unrealistic. Most Georgists believe that an LVT could replace current property taxes, cut other taxes, and perhaps still increase revenue when combined with similar measures such as taxes on negative externalities (which Georgists near-universally support).

In short, Georgists believe that a Land Value Tax would be able to cut rents, end Speculation and lower taxes.

Personality

Georgism is generally open minded and has a friendly disposition - except when he is confronted by extremist Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination proprietarianists! While he is very skeptical towards landlords in general (still acknowledging the rent due for buildings as opposed to that which is derived from location) he truly hates real slumlords and other entirely unproductive and harmful rent-seekers. Other times that you might see him on edge is when he sees old privileges upheld by landed nobility...

He may be found quite often more or less loudly advocating for his favourite economic remedy: Land Value Tax (LVT); but the virtues he describes will often depend on who he's trying to persuade - since, in his mind, these are so many and so great that anyone can potentially see the light (or Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination the cat, as he likes to express it).

How To Draw

The Georgist flag-based design is a diagonal bicolor of yellow (or Gold) and green. The former represents wealth and free trade, while green represents the land and natural resources.

Flag of Georgism
  1. Draw a ball
  2. Separate the ball in positive diagonal, with the top colored gold and bottom green
  3. Add the eyes
  4. Optional detail:
    1. In the middle of the ball, draw a black diamond separated in four portions at a 45 degree angle
    2. Give the ball cat ears, a tail and six grey whiskers

You're finished!

Color Name HEX RGB
Green #0ED145 14, 209, 69
Gold #FFDA2B 255, 218, 43


Relationships

Friends

Frenemies

Enemies

Gallery

Portraits

Comics

  • Credit: u/TheDwarvenGuy, Source

    Credit: u/TheDwarvenGuy, Source

  • Credit: u/Cave-Bunny, Source

    Credit: u/Cave-Bunny, Source

  • Credit: u/Borisyukishvili, Source

    Credit: u/Borisyukishvili, Source

  • Credit: u/SemiNewRedditUser, Source

    Credit: u/SemiNewRedditUser, Source

  • Credit: u/DevilsStudent, Source

    Credit: u/DevilsStudent, Source

  • Credit: u/URSSCCO, Source

    Credit: u/URSSCCO, Source

  • Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

    Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

  • Credit: u/DevilsStudent, Source

    Credit: u/DevilsStudent, Source

  • Credit: u/JabroGaming, Source

    Credit: u/JabroGaming, Source

  • Credit u/Ihavretard, Source

    Credit u/Ihavretard, Source

  • Credit: u/Monkeysszz, Source

    Credit: u/Monkeysszz, Source

  • Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

    Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

  • Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

    Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

  • Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

    Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

  • Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

    Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

  • Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

    Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

  • Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

    Credit: u/pikachufan2222, Source

  • Credit: u/dsddsaaaa, Source

    Credit: u/dsddsaaaa, Source

  • Credit: u/VladVV, Source

    Credit: u/VladVV, Source

  • Credit: u/1945BestYear, Source

    Credit: u/1945BestYear, Source

  • Credit: u/Kirbly11, Source

    Credit: u/Kirbly11, Source

  • Credit: u/DarKliZerPT, Source

    Credit: u/DarKliZerPT, Source

  • Credit: u/Zamoon, Source

    Credit: u/Zamoon, Source

Further Information

Literature

Some of Henry George's major publications

Books by other authors

Wikipedia

Videos

Short (less than 10 minutes)

Long (More than 10 minutes)

Online Communities

Notes

References

  1. ↑ https://www.econlib.org/land-taxes-the-return-of-henry-george/#:~:text=George%20proposed%20to%20tax%20away,building%2C%20would%20not%20be%20taxed.
  2. ↑ https://www.britannica.com/event/Great-Leap-Forward
  3. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_George#Other_proposals

Navigation

zh:喬治主義


Retrieved from "https://pcbwiki.net/index.php?title=Georgism&oldid=485368"