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Rosism is the ideology of Juan Manuel José Domingo Ortiz de Rosas (30 March 1793 – 14 March 1877), nicknamed "Restorer of the Laws",was an Argentine politician and army officer who ruled Buenos Aires Province and briefly the Argentine Confederation.
Beliefs
Rosas's political positions are usually described as a federal authoritarian. It is common for those who venture into Argentine history, especially from urquicist positions, to question Rosas's federalism, and even describe it with unitary positions.
The empiricism of Rosas's political thought
It is a common and reiterated place to assume a totally empirical character to the political and ideological formation of Rosas, if such a category is accepted in the Restorer. Much of what is related to this subject limits the question to the "profile" of a great cattle rancher of the time, and even according to the self-styled social scientism, only a "big" cattle rancher. This bovine determinism is the most used among its detractors and is even common among some of its less happy defenders.
Reductionist conception of the question
Everything would be limited, barely to a practical experience as a rancher, chief of laborers both gauchos and soldiers, driver of tough Creoles and Indians from the "fringe" of the rural border, and according to some exaltations: "Vigorous baguales breaker, who since to Governor, he broke up a cheeky and vicious society..." . (Sic).
new visions
Such enthusiasms, both favorable and adverse, deserve a review, as we used to say when I was a boy. Or a new look, as some now say. (be careful!..., there are those who look and do not see, and there are those who see and review). The rural in its exact dimension
Of course, it is not intended to deny that Rosas's personality was marked by his experience as a rancher and driver of frontiersmen, this is unavoidable, but by no means exclusive or priority.
Some correct approaches
Authorities such as Enrique Barba, Fermín Chávez and Arturo Sampay have clearly written about it. And although their evaluations of Rosas are different, they all agree that there is something more than an empirical, rural and bovine education. Even authors trained in the self-styled "scientism" dare to qualify the opinion of the precursors of such an orientation in our country, and produce valuable and innovative works on this topic. You may or may not agree in whole or in part with them, but they provide intelligent interpretations. In many cases, they even dare to qualify the somewhat structured opinions of the precursors of "scientism", giving oxygen to the space of this current, sometimes very limited by the neo-mitrism in which Halperín Donghi is usually encapsulated, or the ultra synthesis that practice Romero, son. Among the scientists that we pointed out as happily innovating, we mention Pilar Gonzalez Bernardo, and Jorge Myers, who approach the subject with novelty and interest.
All those named above, and other scholars on this issue, on whose work this work is based, are mentioned in the attached bibliographical reference.
Limits of this work
The purpose of these lines is to synthesize certain aspects and establish some reflection, I don't know if new, for the benefit of the student of our Historical evolution.
The "Plans" of 1818 and 1819
The alleged indifference of Rosas in relation to political issues during the Independence process has become one of the most widespread and installed versions in "official" historiography, although it does not correspond to the real events in an absolute way.
Although Rosas himself acknowledges that he did not directly activate, today we would say militant, in the Revolution, it is necessary to point out some aspects. In 1818 and 1819 he was an integral and responsible part of an Official Commission, convened by the Directory, before the threat of a European expedition, which would go to take Buenos Aires, to face the Bourbon restoration in South America.
Relations
Friends
Caudillismo - During the time that I presided over the government of Buenos Aires, in charge of Foreign Relations of the Argentine Confederation, with the sum of power by law, I governed according to my conscience. I am therefore the only one responsible for all my actions, my good deeds as well as the bad ones, my mistakes and my actions.
Totalitarianism - Whoever governs can always count on the cowardice of the Argentines.
Nationalism - The circumstances during the years of my administration were always extraordinary, and it is not fair that during them I should be judged as in calm and serene times.
Frenemies
Enemies
Further Information
Wikipedia
- Epoca de Rosas
- Juan Manuel de Rosas
- British Invasions of the river plate
- Desert Campaign (1833-1834)
- Federalist Party (Argentina)
- Historiography of Juan Manuel de Rosas
Literature
- BARBA, Enrique; "Correspondencia entre Rosas, Quiroga y Lopez" – Hyspamerica- 1985, Pags.7/45—90/105
- CHAVEZ, Fermín, "Escolio sobre Rosas Escritor". En Revista del Inst. de Inv. Históricas Juan M. De Rosas N° 32 "La Libreta de Rosas" Colección Estrella Federal 1995
- GONZALEZ ARZAC, Alberto, "Pensamiento Constitucional de Rosas"; en Rev. Del Inst. de Inv. Históricas Juan Manuel De Rosas. N° 30
- MYERS, Jorge; "Orden y virtud, el discurso republicano en el régimen rosista". Univ. Nac. de Quilmes. 1995
- SAMPAY, Arturo E. "Las ideas políticas de Rosas" Centro Ed. 1975
- VENTURINI, Aurora; "Mercedes Rosas de Rivera, poetisa de la Confederación" en Rev. Del Inst. de Inv. Hist. Juan M. de Rosas. N° 34
- CHAVEZ, Fermín "Historicismo e Iluminismo en la Cultura Argentina". Teoría- 1977
- GONZALEZ BERNARDO, Pilar; "El levantamiento de 1829", en Elementos de sociología, Byblos. 1996
Videos
- 30 Minutos de Musica a Juan Manuel de Rosas
- Juan Manuel de Rosas "El Restaurador" - Documental completo
