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**[[File:Houthi.png]] [[Islamic Populism|Abdul-Malik al-Houthi]] (1960-) [[File:Cball-Yemen.png]] Yemen
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Revision as of 16:24, 28 October 2023


"Only God, the Exalted, is the light; everything else is darkness."

Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini


Khomeinism is a republican, fundamentalist variant of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Shia Theocracy. It seeks to revolt and establish sharia law. It derives itself from Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, leader of Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution. It is culturally center-right to far-right and economically center-left or third positionist. Notably, it is the governing ideology of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the ideology of the militant Lebanese political party Hezbollah.

History

Pre-Revolution

Ruhollah Khomeini was a prominent Shia Muslim religious leader and scholar in Iran. Born on September 24, 1902, in Khomeyn, Iran. Khomeini received a traditional Islamic education and studied under renowned religious scholars of his time.

In 1963, Khomeini delivered a series of fiery sermons denouncing the Shah and his regime. The regime responded by imprisoning Khomeini, which led to widespread protests and demonstrations in support of his release. Khomeini's imprisonment and subsequent exile to Iraq and later France further elevated his status as a symbol of resistance against the Shah's rule.

Demonstrators at Azadi Square during the Iranian Revolution

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Islamic Revolution (1978-1979) Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination

The Islamic Revolution, also known as the Iranian Revolution, was a major socio-political upheaval that took place in Iran from 1978 to 1979. The revolution resulted in the overthrow of the ruling monarchy and the establishment of an Islamic republic in Iran.

Led by Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, an influential religious leader and vocal critic of the Shah's regime, the revolution was fueled by a combination of social, economic, and political factors. Widespread discontent with the autocratic rule of Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, characterized by political repression, economic inequality, and perceived Western influence, served as the catalyst for mass protests and demonstrations. The revolution brought together various factions, including secular nationalists, leftists, intellectuals, and religious groups, who united against the monarchy. It resulted in a consolidation of power especially under the religious camp, with Khomeini becoming the Supreme Leader of Iran.

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988) Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destinationError creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination

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Presidency of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Mohammad Khatami (1997-2005)

Mohammad Khatami served as the President of Iran from 1997 to 2005. His presidency marked a period of relative political and social reform in Iran, often referred to as the "Reformist Era". Khatami aimed to promote a more open and tolerant society while seeking political and cultural reforms within the framework of the Islamic Republic.

His emphasis on dialogue, civil liberties, and cultural opening had a significant impact on Iranian society, although his reformist agenda faced challenges and limitations.

Presidency of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (2005-2013)

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was the President of Iran from 2005 to 2013. During his presidency, he pursued a number of controversial policies that had significant implications for both domestic and foreign affairs.

One of the most controversial policies pursued by Ahmadinejad was the expansion of Iran's nuclear program. Despite concerns from the international community about the potential for Iran to develop nuclear weapons, Ahmadinejad's government continued to pursue the enrichment of uranium and other activities related to the nuclear program. This led to increased tensions with the United States and other countries, and ultimately to the implementation of economic sanctions against Iran.

Presidency of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Hassan Rouhani (2013-2021)

Hassan Rouhani served as the President of Iran from 2013 to 2021. He is known for his more moderate stance on domestic and foreign policy issues, and worked during his presidency to improve relations with other countries and to address economic challenges facing Iran.

Rouhani's presidency was marked by efforts to improve relations with the international community and to address the economic challenges facing Iran. One of the key achievements of his presidency was the negotiation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), also known as the Iran nuclear deal, which was signed in 2015. The JCPOA was a major international agreement that lifted economic sanctions on Iran in exchange for limits on its nuclear program, and it was seen as a significant diplomatic accomplishment for Rouhani's administration.

Despite these efforts, Rouhani's presidency was also marked by challenges and controversies. He faced criticism from hardliners within Iran who viewed his policies as too conciliatory towards the West, and he faced resistance from certain factions within the government that have opposed his efforts to reform certain aspects of Iranian society.

Overall, the presidency of Hassan Rouhani was marked by a more moderate approach to domestic and foreign policy, and by efforts to address the economic challenges facing Iran. His presidency has also been shaped by the ideological legacy of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, the leader of the Islamic Revolution in 1979, which has had a significant influence on the political landscape of Iran.

Presidency of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Ebrahim Raisi (2021-)

Ebrahim Raisi is the current President of Iran, having served since 2021. Raisi is part of the Principlist political group, also known as hardliners by western media. He also has a background in the judiciary and has been involved in the prosecution of political dissidents and human rights activists in Iran.

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Hezbollah

Hezbollah is a Shia Islamist and Khomeinist movement, party, militia and (according to many countries) terrorist organization in Lebanon, usually considered to be the single most powerful political and military force in Lebanon. Under the leadership of current secretary-general Hassan Nasrallah, they have fought many conflicts with the neighboring country and mortal enemy Israel, often with leftists and other Shia Islamists as their allies, however they have also fought in several internal conflicts in Lebanon against other factions within the country. His leadership has also marked a change in appeal and (at least nominally) end goals. For example, they no longer strive to make Lebanon a shia republic. Hezbollah's ideology differs from standard Khomeinism in a few aspects mostly due to Lebanon's cultural background, it embraces secularism, social justice and hasn't opposed the current neoliberal economic system.

Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC)

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Beliefs

Khomeinism is a radical Shi’a Islamist ideology that fuses religion and governance, utilizing the principle of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Velayat-e Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) to endow a learned Islamic jurist with the role of supreme leader who holds final religious & political authority over all affairs of state. Under Iran’s revolutionary system, Velayat-e Faqih is invoked to demand loyalty and to justify the authoritarian role of the Supreme Leader based on divine right. This was an uncompromising stance. There is evidence to suggest Khomeini’s revolutionaries murdered the competition in the lead-up to the Islamic Revolution, specifically Imam Musa al-Sadr, who advocated for a more traditional clerical role. Despite those socially far-right beliefs, it is economically center-left or Third Positionist, though its economic views are mostly sidelined compared to its governmental or social views.

Personality

Khomeinism is usually portrayed as a fundamentalist, modern Shia Muslim. He enforces ideas of women wearing veils, anti- Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination LGBT, Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination anti-Americanism (The Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination United States is still frequently referred to as the "Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Great Satan"), & other Shia Islamic characteristics. He's difficult to be friends with but, he'll work with shia moderates (& occasionally even non-Muslims) for strategic purposes (especially if it's in opposition to America). Khomeinism has an extreme commitment to erasing the entity of Error creating thumbnail: Unable to save thumbnail to destination Israel. Khomeinism believes that the only way to free Palestine is through resistance and Intifada towards establishing a Shia republic in Palestine.

How to Draw

Flag of Khomeinism

The design for Khomeinism is based on the flag of Hezbollah. The flag depicts a stylized representation of the Arabic words حزب الله (ḥizbu-llāh) "Party of God". It also incorporates symbols, namely an assault rifle, a globe, a book, a sword, and a seven-leafed branch. The text above the logo reads فإن حزب الله هم الغالبون meaning "Then surely the party of God are they that shall be triumphant". Underneath the logo are the words المقاومة الإسلامية في لبنان meaning "The Islamic Resistance in Lebanon".

  1. Draw a ball
  2. Fill it in with yellow
  3. Draw the green Hezbollah logo
  4. Add the eyes

Done!

Color Name HEX RGB
Gold #F7E117 247, 225, 23
Green #197B30 25, 123, 48


Relations

Halal

Syubhah

Haram

Further Information

Websites

Literature

Wikipedia

Interviews and news

Concepts

Community

Notes

  1. ↑ Refers to Mohammad Khatami and Hassan Rouhani, who both support detente with the West.

Citations

  1. ↑ In 1986, a fatwa by Ayatollah Khomeini declared Gender Confirmation Surgery and Hormone Replacement Therapy to be religiously acceptable. Khomeini argued that the religious justification for the ruling was based on the “priority of the soul over flesh".
  2. ↑ "Former Iranian president Ahmedinejad praises Ukraine's resistance (...)", Al-Monitor. 2022.
  3. ↑ "Controversies surrounding Mohammad Khatami#Accusations of foreign agency", Wikipedia.org.
  4. ↑ "Renewed Iran-Saudi ties will have an impact in the Middle-East and beyond", VoaNews.
  5. ↑ "Italy far-right leader once hailed Iran, Hezbollah as defenders of Syrian Christians", The Times of Israel.
  6. ↑ "Truce between Iran and Saudi Arabia brokered by China raises some concerns (...)", NPR.org. 11 March 2023.
  7. ↑ "Khomeini's letter to Mikhail Gorbachev", Wikipedia.org.
  8. ↑ "Oops He did it again: Iran's supreme leader questions the Holocaust.", Brookings.edu. 21 March 2014.

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